Tornado disaster in Yancheng: the rescue and resettlement of Funing, which was seriously affected, is in progress.

  People’s Daily Online, June 25th On June 25th, the third day after a tornado hit Funing and Sheyang in Yancheng, Jiangsu. As of 12: 00 on the 25th, 846 wounded people were treated in medical institutions in Yancheng, and 744 people were treated in hospital, including 20 critically ill patients, 102 of whom were cured and discharged. Our reporter continued to conduct interviews in many towns and villages in Funing County, which was the most seriously affected.

  Venue: Funing County People’s Hospital

  Liu Xunzhong, a 71-year-old man lying in a hospital bed, recalled with his wife that he still had a lingering fear when the tornado struck: "Three tile houses suddenly collapsed, and the roof ‘ Hula ’ I fell down and suppressed both of our granddaughters. " Gu Lanfang, his wife who just came home from outside, was watching this scene. She was so scared that she almost fainted and shouted "Help, help".

  When the villagers heard the news, they called 120 and sent their eldest granddaughter to Funing County People’s Hospital. Several passing boys carried the old man out with the fallen door panels, and caring people drove the old couple to the hospital in private cars. Gu Lanfang said that at that time, he was worried about the injury of his loved ones and did not care to ask the names of enthusiastic people. His heart is still grateful and regretful.

  "On that day, a large number of ambulances, taxis, private cars and volunteer wooden carts suddenly appeared at the entrance of the hospital, and the crowd surged up like a tide." Wang Hengting, a general surgeon at Funing County People’s Hospital, said that it was too late to be stunned. After a simple triage, the doctors in the whole hospital and the medical staff who came to support the surrounding counties and cities transferred the seriously injured patients such as liver and spleen and brain rupture to several hospitals in Yancheng.

  After dressing and hanging water, Liu Xunzhong, an old man, had a brain CT and was diagnosed with soft tissue contusion in his head and legs. He was transferred to the ward that evening. However, Liu Peng, the eldest granddaughter, was not so lucky. The senior three student who just graduated from Chen Jizhong School was transferred to Yancheng for treatment because of unbearable back pain and had not finished hanging a bottle of potions.

  "Everything at home, mobile phones, phone books, and Tucki’s admission ticket are all piled up in bricks and tiles. Up to now, I don’t know what happened in Tucki, and I don’t know if I was admitted to the university … …” The old couple in Liu Xunzhong are thinking about their granddaughter who was treated in Yancheng.

  After a lot of inquiries, the reporter finally got in touch with Liu Peng, who was being treated in the orthopedic ward of the Third People’s Hospital of Yancheng City. Her condition is stable at present. Zhou Dun, her attending doctor and director of orthopedics, said that Liu Peng was hit by external force in the typhoon, and suffered two fractures of lumbar vertebrae and pelvis. After consultation with experts from the Provincial People’s Hospital, she will adopt a treatment plan combining postoperative adjuvant treatment with conservative treatment. It is expected that the operation will be arranged next week, and it is expected that she will basically return to normal life in about three months.

  "The wound still hurts, but it will definitely get better." The 20-year-old girl looks very strong. She said that after the operation, she will check the scores of the college entrance examination through the school. At present, her greatest wish is to get better quickly and not delay her further studies.

  At present, in Funing County People’s Hospital, there are more than 230 wounded people like Liu Xunzhong, who are distributed in orthopedic surgery and rehabilitation temporary wards, as well as South Branch for targeted treatment. "Every morning, a doctor makes rounds, measures body temperature and blood pressure once in the morning and afternoon, carries out anti-inflammatory hanging water, and changes medicine once every two days or so." The wounded introduced that in addition to the care of medical staff, volunteers and caring people also sent toiletries, daily necessities, food and clothes, which made them feel very warm.

  Fifteen psychological counselors from Yancheng Psychological Counseling Association also came to Funing County People’s Hospital and other places where the affected people are concentrated for psychological counseling on the afternoon of 25th. "At present, relaxation psychotherapy based on companionship, listening and soothing can be started for the lightly wounded and their families." Wang Fang, a psychological counselor, said that with the physical pain, the victims who lost their property, homes and relatives are still suffering from panic, caring for their loved ones and worrying about their future life, and they also need psychological construction to gradually improve their sleep and gradually help their lives return to normal.

  Venue: Xingou Town Experimental School,Shuoji town central primary school

  The 76-year-old Zhou Xuehua is a villager in Group 8 of Dalou Village, Xingou Town. When the tornado struck, she and her wife were at home. "First a few thunder, doors and windows ‘ Hula hula ’ Ring, then the wall fell down and the furniture was blown into the air. " Zhou Xuehua said that her wife helped her to flee to the village, and some people from the village came out to meet her. In the evening, the old couple, together with their grandchildren, were taken to school and settled down.

  "There are a lot of eggs in the morning, and the dried tea and chicken legs can’t be eaten at noon." Zhou Xuehua told reporters that there is no need to worry about three meals a day here.

  Chen Shangbin, the principal of the school, said that there are about 30 affected people living in the school at present, who are mainly taken care of by the school staff. They are in good physical condition, but because their mental condition is recovering from the disaster, many people trembled when they were just transferred, and it was difficult to speak. By this morning, they have improved a lot.

  The reporter looked around, and there were quilts, summer mats, small plates and pillows in the dormitory. Mineral water and bread were placed on the table, and the school also provided watermelons to cool the summer. At the bedside, the school staff are hanging tents with the victims. "Yesterday, some people reported that there were many mosquitoes. Today, we should hurry to hang mosquito nets. We should have thought of it earlier." A staff member said apologetically.

  Shuoji Town Central Primary School has placed more people. More than 200 villagers from Shuangqiao Village and Jiqiao Village are distributed in 10 classrooms. The government has uniformly distributed sleeping mats, bedding and electric fans for them, with three dishes and one soup for lunch every day. "After the tornado, we were taken over by the government car, and we were satisfied. I just don’t know when the houses destroyed by natural disasters can be built?" The 94-year-old Guo Qingfu said.

  As of the afternoon of 25th, mineral water, instant noodles, bread and other foods had piled up 8 classrooms in Shuoji Town Central Primary School, and there were still many vehicles filled with relief materials entering the school gate. Zhou Lin, a villager, has a relaxed expression: "If one party is in trouble, we will not be hungry."

  Due to the bad weather, some villagers showed signs of colds and headaches. The local health center organized more than 20 doctors to be on duty at the resettlement site in turn, providing medical services to the villagers at any time and providing related medicines. According to a doctor at the scene, no villagers have caused infectious diseases due to the disaster.

  Location: Artes Xiexin Company, electric power emergency repair site.

  The torn roof, twisted steel frame, production equipment buried in the ruins, and fragmented cars … … The factory of Artes Xiexin Sunshine Power Technology Co., Ltd. in Funing County was devastated. The tornado damaged 40,000 square meters of factory buildings here, and many people died. On the morning of the 25th, fire officers and soldiers organized the transportation of hazardous chemicals.

  Yancheng fire brigade arrived at Astor Xiexin Company at 3: 50pm on 23rd, which was also the first team to rush to the factory for disaster relief. As of the 25th, a total of 168 fire officers and soldiers participated in the rescue, organized more than 400 search and rescue, rescued 7 trapped people and evacuated more than 300 people. At present, the factory personnel have been safely evacuated and all personnel have been counted.

  Tang Jun, chief of staff of Yancheng Fire Brigade, said that after they arrived, they learned that the factory still stored various dangerous chemicals due to the need of production technology. Subsequently, the fire fighters entered the scene wearing protective clothing and started rescue. Upon inspection, some pipelines transporting hazardous chemicals were damaged due to the tornado, but the gate between the pipeline and the storage tank was closed due to power failure, so only a few hazardous chemicals leaked out. Tang Jun introduced: "After effective treatment by fire officers and soldiers, the valves between pipelines were closed and the air testing equipment was turned on at the same time, and no impact on the surrounding air quality was found."

  On the 25th, fire officers and soldiers shifted their focus from saving people to disposing of hazardous chemicals. Tang Jun introduced that before transferring hazardous chemicals, the fire department had made an emergency disposal plan, classified and counted the varieties of existing hazardous chemicals, and formulated disposal plans for different flammable and explosive products, corrosive substances with strong acid and alkali, and toxic substances. Artes Xiexin Company has also contacted the raw material suppliers. After the fire department puts the hazardous chemicals into specific containers, the raw material suppliers will handle them separately. At 12 noon on the 25th, the first batch of hazardous chemicals has been shipped out, and the transportation work is still going on, which is expected to be completed on the 26th.

  The No.278 power high-voltage tower in Funing Development Zone, which was twisted into a twist in the tornado, was successfully dismantled on the morning of 25th after being destroyed for 30 hours, and the new high-voltage tower is under construction.

  The iron tower is located in a paddy field, so it is not easy to construct. At 4 o’clock in the morning on the 24th, the electric workers assembled overnight began to cut the tower. Because the damaged tower was severely distorted and twisted together, the bolts connecting the tower materials could not be screwed with a wrench at all, and the emergency repair personnel could only cut them one by one with an air gun. Every time one is cut, the repairman will carry it on his shoulders and carry it along the muddy field path to the side of the road where the waste tower materials are placed dozens of meters away from Tower 278. "Light tower materials need at least 2 workers to work at the same time, and heavy tower materials need 7 or 8 people." Xie Hu, the person in charge of the electric power department responsible for the construction on site, introduced.

  According to the statistics of State Grid Jiangsu Company, tornadoes caused about 100 power lines with power above 35 kV and more than 4,000 power lines with power below 10 kV, causing 135,000 households to lose power. After all-out emergency repairs, as of noon on the 25th, more than 86,000 households had resumed power supply. Except for more than 8,600 households whose houses were destroyed, the remaining 40,000 households that were not restored were actively being repaired and restored.

  (Reporting by Shen Lin, Yao Xueqing, Ma Taotao, Wang Jiliang, Zhong Yin and Xinnian Wang)

Power Big Data "Portrait" for Economic Operation Helps Zhejiang’s High-quality Development

"In 2022, the electricity consumption of the whole society in Zhejiang fluctuated greatly, and the overall trend was bottoming out. From the perspective of various cities, in 2022, the electricity consumption of the whole society in all regions of the province will increase positively year-on-year … "Recently, the annual electricity data of Zhejiang in 2022 have been released one after another, giving a" portrait "of the province’s economic operation from the macro level, industrial structure and key areas.
Electricity consumption in Zhejiang in 2022. Photo courtesy of Zhejiang Electric Power
Macro level: fluctuating growth bottomed out and rebounded.
Affected by the Shanghai epidemic in April, the high temperature in August and the adjustment of epidemic prevention and control measures in December, in 2022, the electricity consumption of the whole society in Zhejiang fluctuated greatly. "Fortunately, in the most critical fourth quarter, it achieved positive year-on-year growth in three months." The relevant person in charge of Zhejiang Electric Power said that the overall trend was bottoming out.
Electricity is an important "barometer" reflecting economic and social development. In mid-January, 2022, before the Spring Festival, Zhejiang completely stopped production, and the scale of electricity consumption in the whole society declined rapidly. At the end of March, there was a peak of epidemic infection in Shanghai, and Zhejiang Province, as a neighboring province, was also affected by it. In the middle and late June, the government’s steady growth policy took effect and continued to experience extreme high temperature weather, which continued to grow for three consecutive months. The temperature in September was relatively low, the electricity consumption of the whole society decreased year-on-year, and the decline of industrial electricity consumption narrowed; From October to December, the situation of epidemic prevention and control improved, prevention and control measures were optimized and adjusted, and electricity consumption stabilized and rebounded.
From the perspective of local cities, in 2022, the electricity consumption of the whole society in all regions of Zhejiang achieved positive growth year-on-year. Zhoushan leads other cities with a growth rate of 35.47%, contributing 16.77% of the total social electricity consumption growth in Zhejiang Province, which benefits from the new production capacity of Zhoushan Yushan Petrochemical Company.
Electricity consumption of three major industries and residents in Zhejiang in 2022. Photo courtesy of Zhejiang Electric Power
Industrial structure: creating new kinetic energy by "green" new track "number"
The three major industries are progressing steadily, and their development resilience continues to show; New kinetic energy such as manufacturing industry, the core industry of digital economy, continues to play a leading role. Green smart products such as new energy vehicles, charging piles, solar cells and wind turbines have developed rapidly, and the industrial transformation and upgrading trend has continued … In 2022, under the background of shrinking demand, supply shocks and expected weakening epidemic, Zhejiang maintained a sustained and stable economic market in a difficult environment.
Judging from the data of electricity consumption, only 10 of the 31 manufacturing industries in Zhejiang have achieved steady growth in electricity consumption year-on-year. The reason is that the rising prices of global raw materials market, frequent outbreaks of COVID-19 and other factors have led to a huge impact on the industrial chain supply chain in Zhejiang in 2022, and the overall industry, especially the manufacturing industry, is relatively difficult. However, the situation of Zhejiang’s continuous industrial transformation has been continued, and the electricity consumption of green digital industries has achieved rapid growth. Among them, the electricity consumption of photovoltaic equipment and components manufacturing industry, new energy vehicle manufacturing industry, Internet data service industry and charging and replacing service industry all achieved rapid growth.
Internet data service industry is the focus of developing digital economy in Zhejiang, and the electricity consumption of the industry is concentrated in Hangzhou and Huzhou. In 2022, the industrial electricity consumption in Hangzhou and Huzhou increased by 74.18% and 23.69% respectively, accounting for 93.28% of the provincial industrial electricity consumption. With the continuous advancement of Hangzhou-Lake integration, Deqing, as the national new generation artificial intelligence innovation and development experimental zone and the first batch of provincial digital economy innovation and development experimental zones, will be included in the planning of Hangzhou West Science and Technology Corridor, linking Hangzhou Future Science and Technology City, and complementing high-end science and technology resources, which will help Hangzhou and Huzhou jointly become the core area of digital economy development in the province.
The electricity consumption of the new energy vehicle manufacturing industry is concentrated in Jinhua, Hangzhou, Huzhou and Ningbo. In 2022, the industrial electricity consumption in Hangzhou, Huzhou and Ningbo increased by 78.23%, 23.70% and 78.52% respectively. With the rapid development of new energy vehicle manufacturing, supporting new energy battery industry, charging pile manufacturing, auto parts and other industries are also developing rapidly in Wenzhou and Taizhou. In the case that electric vehicles become the general direction of the future automobile industry, the new energy vehicle manufacturing industry is expected to continue its fiery growth.
The growth of residential electricity consumption in Zhejiang in 2022. Photo courtesy of Zhejiang Electric Power
Key areas: ensuring people’s livelihood and using electricity to help common prosperity
In 2022, the growth rate of the three major industries in Zhejiang slowed down, and the electricity consumption of residents stimulated the continuous growth of electricity consumption in the whole society. In 2022, the domestic electricity consumption of urban and rural residents in Zhejiang Province was 90.739 billion kWh, a year-on-year increase of 22.46%, with an increase of 16.642 billion kWh.
In the summer of 2022, Zhejiang experienced "the strongest high temperature in history", and the highest temperature in over 20% counties (cities, districts) broke the historical extreme. Affected by this, the residential electricity consumption in July and August increased by 39.72 and 5.192 billion kWh respectively, up by 41.24% and 57.72% year-on-year, which accounted for 23.87% and 31.20% of the annual residential electricity consumption growth. In addition, under the background of precise epidemic prevention control in Zhejiang in February, 2022 and the optimization and adjustment of epidemic prevention policies in the whole province in December, the length of residents’ stay at home increased significantly during this period, and the electricity consumption of residents increased by 77.92% and 83.56% respectively, which accounted for 23.32% and 24.73% of the annual electricity consumption growth of residents.
The person in charge of Zhejiang Electric Power said that the sharp increase in per capita electricity consumption is not only affected by multiple factors, but also reflects the high level of electrification in Zhejiang people’s lives. "People dare to use electricity and are happy to use it."
In terms of geographical distribution, the per capita electricity consumption level in Zhejiang coastal areas is generally high, while the per capita electricity consumption level in inland areas is low, showing the overall characteristics of "more east and less west". The average household electricity consumption level also shows the distribution characteristics of "less east and more west", and Hangzhou, Jiaxing, Wenzhou, Huzhou and Ningbo have obvious advantages over other cities.
In addition, "common prosperity" is also reflected in power big data. In 2022, the electricity consumption of the construction industry in 26 counties in Zhejiang mountainous area was 1.208 billion kWh, up by 3.82% year-on-year, and the growth rate was higher than the provincial average, achieving a contrarian growth. This is a positive reflection of Zhejiang’s promotion of mountain-sea cooperation, speeding up the completion of transportation infrastructure and new urbanization construction in mountainous counties. These livelihood projects have boosted the growth rate of electricity consumption in the construction industry, and further enhanced people’s livelihood and well-being.
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Those "blockchains" in life

  Xinhua News Agency, Shanghai, October 30th (Reporter Du Kang) Is the Wuchang rice you bought really produced in wuchang city? Every charity expense you donated, where did it end up? Can the repeated piracy of music and literary works be banned? Blockchains that you don’t know have quietly solved problems for everyone in these fields.

  There is a blockchain hidden behind the QR code, and you can know the "past lives" of the product by sweeping it.

  In the food area of Wal-Mart Supermarket, a QR code was added to the packaging bag of a bag of Wuchang rice, which can be displayed by scanning it with WeChat. The first is the basic product information, such as specifications, manufacturers, shelf life, etc. Then there is traceability information, including raw material receiving time, raw material inspection report, product delivery report, delivery time, receiving time and other whole processes, as well as origin and the whole logistics line information.

  It is not uncommon to use QR codes to transmit information. What is difficult is how to make this information "fidelity", and the blockchain will be useful.

  What is a blockchain? As a decentralized database, blockchain’s chain block structure based on time stamp and consensus mechanism of distributed nodes make the above data traceable and tamper-proof. The combination of these characteristics with the physical industry has a huge imagination space.

  "When there is no blockchain, the tracking of food depends on an intermediary or company to collect information, such as an e-commerce platform. In theory, this centralized data collection method may have the possibility of data modification. On the blockchain, when the data is generated, the producers upload various warehouse logistics information immediately, and the information cannot be tampered with. " Feng Yikai, one of the technical supporters of Wal-Mart’s traceability platform, said.

  "Once there is a problem with the data, who and when the data on the blockchain is uploaded can be held accountable according to the timestamp. Unlike before, all parties in the supply chain shirked their responsibilities. " Feng Yikai added.

  Food safety traceability is an example of blockchain applied to supply chain. Supply chain often involves many entities, including logistics, capital flow, information flow, etc. There are a lot of complicated cooperation and communication among these entities. "Trust is particularly important. The information on the blockchain is transparent and unchangeable, which effectively improves process efficiency and reduces costs. " Yang Zhiwei, managing partner of PwC China Strategy and Innovation, said.

  The blockchain is by your side.

  In addition to the supply chain, the application scope of blockchain now covers many industries such as financial services, credit reporting, social welfare, e-government, medical care and health.

  Blockchain can help to store, manage and share medical data. Different medical institutions keep a large number of sensitive information such as residents’ health data, drug source information and electronic insurance policies. However, there has always been a problem of data sharing and transmission, which leads to poor utilization of user health medical data by medical institutions. In addition to problems such as inconsistent data formats, residents are more worried about how to ensure their privacy after medical data is "networked". Who will keep the data? Who has access?

  Blockchain also provides a solution. At present, some companies have saved medical data through blockchain technology. "When residents go to see a doctor, they can authorize some data in medical records to doctors. The unauthorized data part is a mess to others. " Guo Yuhang, chairman of China Blockchain Application Research Center, said. In this way, the data is not saved by a hospital or a third-party institution, and the personal privacy of patients is guaranteed.

  "This is actually a contradiction between data sharing and privacy. With the landing of 5G and the application of the Internet of Things, the data generated by the whole society has increased geometrically. How to authorize the use of data while protecting privacy, the blockchain will have more application space in the future. " Guo Yuhang said.

  In terms of e-government, blockchain can help information integration and real-time sharing of data between multiple departments, so that the government can be a "store second". In June 2019, Chongqing launched a blockchain government service platform, and the time for registering a company in Chongqing can be shortened from ten days to three days at the earliest. Haidian District, Beijing, through the blockchain, realizes the simultaneous handling of "real estate registration+electricity transfer".

  In the field of charity, the blockchain allows every donation to be tracked. In July 2016, Ant Financial cooperated with the China Social Assistance Foundation to apply blockchain technology to the charity project "Hearing-impaired children regain their new voices" on Alipay’s love donation platform. Every donation can be tracked all the time, and the public welfare account will become transparent and trustworthy.

  The future has come, and there is still a long way to go.

  Although the blockchain has broad application prospects, at present, there is still a distance from large-scale landing.

  The data on the "chain" is not easy to be tampered with, but "on the chain" and "off the chain" may not be completely corresponding. Take the QR code on the product packaging as an example. The QR code itself is easy to be copied. Even if the blockchain technology is used, the QR code is not guaranteed to be genuine.

  "In supply chain management, especially in the fields of traceability and logistics, the correspondence and binding of information on and off the chain, and the rapid retrieval of information on the chain are all points that need to be broken through. The future integration of blockchain and Internet of Things, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other technologies is the development trend. " Insiders introduced.

  "Blockchain does not necessarily eliminate fraud, nor can it replace strict supervision. However, with the promotion and application of blockchain, the cost of fraud can be continuously increased. " Guo Yuhang said.

  In terms of data privacy and sharing, industry insiders suggest that the underlying technology of blockchain still needs to be further improved. "The information on the blockchain is encrypted, and the relevant parties can crack the real meaning behind the numbers after the user authorizes it. However, there may still be loopholes and technical risks cannot be ignored. " Blockchain expert Xiao Shiyuan said.

  In addition, in the data of e-government, medical care, finance and other industries, we need to solve the problems of data format and data transmission first. Taking medical data as an example, different medical institutions have different data formats and diverse data types. Moreover, the data of a large number of institutions still remain on paper, and informationization has not been completed. The massive uplink data is too large, and the data storage mode needs to be continuously optimized.

  "Technological advancement does not mean the feasibility of the business model. As more projects in the blockchain actually land, the whole industry has entered a cycle of accelerated application, and related exploration will become more mature. " Guo Yuhang said.

What is the price-performance ratio of Volkswagen cc?

If you are looking for a coupe with elegance and fun to drive, Volkswagen CC is definitely worth your consideration. With its dynamic design, the new generation CC seems to be the perfect crystallization of fashion and sports, and its back-sliding style is exciting. Although the interior adopts family-style design, the details show the sporty style, which forms a unique balance with the cool appearance.

The second-generation domestic CC inherits the essence of the overseas version of Arteon, and the exquisite front face design is connected with the headlight group, creating a smooth and atmospheric visual effect. The body lines are distinct, and the clever handling of the duckling tail enhances the overall sense of movement. The sideways design shows the dynamics of the coupe to the fullest, and it is impressive whether it is the smooth waistline or the meticulous carving of details.

In terms of performance, the new generation CC is equipped with a powerful 2.0T+DQ380 dual-clutch power system, which provides high-power and low-power versions to meet different driving needs. The power output is strong, whether it is 137kW/186PS with low power or 162kW/220PS with high power, which shows the good strength of CC. As a standard coupe, Volkswagen CC maintains the stability and luxury of commercial vehicles while ensuring driving flexibility.

In terms of interior, although similar to Magotan, it emphasizes the sporty atmosphere through careful adjustment. High-quality Michelin PS3 tires, with the size of 235/45 R17, provide excellent handling experience for drivers. The four-door frameless design and sporty interior layout, such as leather sports car seats and intelligent sports steering wheel, further strengthen CC’s sense of speed and passion.

大众CC

The addition of high-tech configuration, such as intelligent driver assistance system, makes driving easier and more comfortable. On the whole, Volkswagen CC not only shows high cost performance in appearance and performance, but also strives for Excellence in driving experience. If you are a driver who pursues speed and passion without losing stability and practicality, Volkswagen CC is undoubtedly your ideal choice.

The official picture of Blue Power E5 PLUS makes a stunning appearance, reshaping the new benchmark for family travel

Recently, the official picture of the flagship masterpiece of Blue Electric Vehicle has been shocked to expose, and its unique minimalist futuristic design aesthetic has instantly attracted wide attention in the industry. This exposure not only shows the refreshing Aurora green body of Blue Electric E5 PLUS, but also visually brings a high-end feast to users, indicating that the family car market is about to usher in a fresh trend.

C: UsersQuietDesktop4.jpgBlue Electric E5 PLUS is well-versed in the design of young families’ dual pursuit of appearance and practicality. Through accurate data creation, it realizes the flexible space layout of "Big Five Seats, Enjoy Seven Seats". The effective space in the car is up to 3162mm, and the room acquisition rate is as high as 66.4%. Whether it is a five-seat or seven-seat configuration, it can ensure that every passenger enjoys a spacious and comfortable riding environment. The seven-seat model is even more of a space magician. After the two or three rows are laid down, the maximum capacity can reach an amazing 1694L, easily transforming into a comfortable sun bed room to meet the diverse needs of family travel.

C: UsersQuietDesktop8.jpgIt is particularly worth mentioning that the front seats of the Blue Electric E5 PLUS are designed with 8 layers of comfort stacking, which has reached an unprecedented height in both legroom and seat support. The 917mm legroom, combined with the thickened backrest and seat cushion, allows drivers and passengers to enjoy a luxurious and comfortable driving experience as if they are in the clouds.

C: UsersQuietDesktop1.jpgThe second-row legroom of the five-seat model also reaches 885mm, and supports backward adjustment to 119 °, which significantly increases the per capita housing area, making every family trip a pleasure. The Blue Electric E5 PLUS redefines the comfort standard of family cars with a leapfrog large space, allowing the whole family to find their own share of comfort on the road.

C: UsersQuietDesktop2.jpgWith the official exposure of the official picture of Blue Power E5 PLUS, this flagship model that combines beauty and practicality will be pre-sold at the end of September. More surprises and expectations are waiting for every home user to discover and experience. Blue Power E5 PLUS is leading the comprehensive upgrade of family travel quality with practical actions.

C: UsersQuietDesktop3.jpg

They say Liu Qingyun’s "Detective War" is super good-looking? In fact, the shortcomings and highlights are evenly matched

Before the release of "Detective War" in mainland China, there were two days of screening, and many audiences commented on it. The major platforms were all "worth the ticket money" and other praise, and the ratings on the tickets and cat’s eyes exceeded 9. Movies with a rating of 9 generally do not disappoint, and coupled with the thrilling police and gangster movies, I believe that many viewers will leave after their names, and this is the case for the author.

Sitting in the movie theater expectantly, I was still thinking about the achievements of "Detective" in 2008, and the movie began. After an hour and forty minutes passed, I did not look at my phone for the whole time, I was fully focused, and I did think it was beautiful, but I didn’t think it was super beautiful, and it had no flaws at all.

We need to analyze each movie in two parts. It is reasonable that "Detective War" has so many praise, and Hong Kong movies have to watch police and gangster movies. "Infernal Affairs", "Two Heroes in Blood", "The True Color of Heroes", including the predecessor of this one, "Detective", are all classic and excellent police and gangster movies.

"Detective War" can be said to be high-energy from start to finish, and the literary drama can be rounded to the nearest zero. At the beginning of the film, the ambush and gunfight in the alleyway at night suddenly put the audience into a tense and dangerous atmosphere, and the police rushed to confirm that the attacker was wrong. As outsiders, we were also a little anxious to watch.

The various action scenes and bloody and violent scenes that followed didn’t leave much time for the protagonist and the audience to catch their breath. The protagonist Chen Jun played by Liu Qingyun jumped down the rushing river to retrieve the corpse, fought with his bare hands and used his hands as guns. "Detective" This criminal gang, the climbing cornices in Temple Street, etc., all made people feel terrified.

Criminal gangs threw people from tall buildings, hacked fishermen and bald heads to death on boats and docks, and finally fought with the police on the boat, which was not suitable for children. It is also worth mentioning that Chen Jun is mentally ill and can see the monster, and the ugly special effects monster can be seen that he also spent money.

Of course, the wonderful martial arts was the biggest highlight, and then there was the acting skills of the actors. Liu Qingyun naturally had no choice but to say that he had won so many awards for the best actor. This time, he still played steadily.

Also surprising was Cai Zhuoyan, who was currently participating in Sister Lang. Many netizens said that Ah SA’s acting skills had improved a lot in this drama, and the writer agreed that the female student part was impressive. Other actors were also very good, such as the biggest villain Lin Qian and the embarrassed Tan Kai.

After talking about the advantages, let’s look at the disadvantages of being evenly matched. The author believes that the advantages and disadvantages are interconnected. "Detective Battle" has a lot more action dramas than the previous "Detective". The rich and exciting martial arts dramas are enjoyable and suitable for watching in the cinema, but the whole movie will have a noisy and impulsive feeling. To be honest, such viewing quality is not of high quality.

Another was the plot. "Detective Battle" was not like "Detective" telling a case from beginning to end, but a series of cases: the Magician Case, the Butcher Case, the Floating Corpse Case, the Flying Corpse Case, and the Cooking Corpse Case. Because of the many cases, the characters in the movie had a sense of "running around and telling each other".

A movie was only that long, except for most of the martial arts dramas, there was not much time left, so all the literary dramas used to explain were like doubling the speed, and there was simply not enough for the audience to think about. "I don’t quite understand" became a big problem.

Another drawback is that Chen Yi’s (Cai Zhuoyan) and Huang Xin’s (Li Ruotong) IQ are not online. Although the pregnant woman is used as a foreshadowing for the later plot, it is too easy to be lax and questioned.

Chen Yi, a pregnant woman who was about to give birth, went up to high-rise buildings and went down to the ocean, and her body had no problems at all. This physical quality that was different from ordinary people would make people feel fake. Besides, pregnant women giving birth in a disaster is already a very old-fashioned setting to add excitement.

As a police governor, Huang Xin was easily complained. It was like she couldn’t think for herself. Listening to the wind was rain, and she believed what others said.

All in all, in my opinion, "Detective War" is not as good as the general comments of netizens. There are clever designs, complete plots, and profound thoughts, but the rhythm is wrong and the details are not enough. But simply for the excitement, this movie is completely enough.

Training the internet is like buying lottery tickets? Interpretation of the lottery hypothesis of the latest development of neural network pruning

Original: the heart of the Synced machine

The heart of the machine is original

Author: Zhu Zihao

Editor: Haojin Yang

Neural network pruning technology can greatly reduce network parameters, reduce storage requirements, and improve the computational performance of reasoning. And at present, the best methods in this field can usually maintain high accuracy. Therefore, the research on sparse architecture generated by pruning is a very important direction. The idea of this topic is to make an in-depth interpretation of the following two papers and explore the best pruning methods today.

Deep neural networks have achieved great success in the field of computer vision, such as AlexNet and VGG. These models have hundreds of millions of parameters at every turn. Traditional CPU can’t do anything about such a huge network, and only GPU with high computing power can train neural networks relatively quickly. For example, AlexNet model, which won the championship in ImageNet competition in 2012, used a 60-million-parameter network with five convolution layers and three fully connected layers. Even if the top K40 at that time was used to train the whole model, it would still take two to three days. The appearance of convolution layer solves the problem of parameter scale of fully connected layer, but after several convolution layers are superimposed, the training overhead of the model is still very large.

Now that there is a more powerful GPU, it is not a problem to calculate a deeper neural network with more parameters. But in fact, not everyone has several cards. For neural networks with more layers and nodes, it is very important to reduce their storage and calculation costs. Moreover, with the popularity of mobile devices and wearable devices, how to make these models well applied in mobile terminals with weak computing power has become an urgent problem. Therefore, more and more researchers began to study neural network model compression.

Synthesizing the existing model compression methods, they are mainly divided into four categories: parameter pruning and sharing, low-rank factorization, transferred/compact convolutional filters, and knowledge distillation [1].

This paper mainly interprets two papers on neural network pruning. The first paper, "The Lotteries Ticket Hypothesis: Finding Sparse, Trainable Neural Networks", was published on ICLR’19 by MIT team. The lottery hypothesis is put forward: the dense and randomly initialized feedforward network contains sub-networks ("winning lottery tickets"), and when trained independently, these sub-networks can achieve the same test accuracy as the original network in similar iterations. This paper won the best paper award. The second article "De Construction Lotteries Tickets: Zeros, Signs, and the Super Mask" is a deep deconstruction of the lottery hypothesis by Uber AI team.

Paper 1: The Lotterity Ticket Hypothesis: Finding Sparse, Trainable Neural Networks

Original link: https://arxiv.org/abs/1803.03635

introduce

Training machine learning model is one of the most expensive aspects in data science. For decades, researchers have proposed hundreds of methods to improve the training process of machine learning model, which are based on an axiomatic assumption that training should cover the whole model. Recently, researchers from MIT published a paper to challenge this hypothesis, and put forward a simpler method to train neural networks by paying attention to sub-networks. MIT researchers gave an easy-to-remember name-"Lottery Ticker Hypothesis".

The training process of machine learning is one of the compromises that data scientists face between theory and reality. Usually, due to the limitation of training cost, the ideal neural network architecture can not be fully realized for specific problems. Generally speaking, the initial training of neural network needs a large number of data sets and expensive calculation cost, and as a result, a huge neural network structure full of complex connections between hidden layers is obtained. This structure often needs to be optimized by removing some connections to adjust the size of the model. A question that has puzzled researchers for decades is whether we really need such a huge neural network structure. Obviously, if we connect every neuron in the network, we can solve a specific problem, but we may be forced to stop because of the high cost. Can’t we start with a smaller and leaner network? This is the essence of the lottery hypothesis.

Taking gambling as an analogy, training the machine learning model is equivalent to obtaining the winning lottery ticket by buying every possible lottery ticket. But if we know what the winning lottery looks like, can we choose the lottery more intelligently? In the machine learning model, the huge neural network structure obtained in the training process is equivalent to a big bag of lottery tickets. After the initial training, the model needs to be optimized, such as pruning and deleting unnecessary weights in the network, thus reducing the size of the model without sacrificing performance. This is equivalent to finding the winning lottery ticket in the bag and then throwing away the remaining lottery tickets. Usually, the network structure after pruning is about 90% smaller than the original one. Then the question is, if the network structure can be reduced, why not train this smaller network from the beginning in order to improve the training efficiency? However, many experiments have proved that if the pruned network is trained from scratch, the accuracy is much lower than that of the original network.

The idea behind MIT’s lottery hypothesis is that a large neural network contains a small sub-network, and if it is trained from the beginning, it will get similar accuracy to the original network.

Lottery hypothesis

The formal definition of the lottery hypothesis in this paper is that a randomly initialized dense neural network contains an initialized sub-network, which can achieve the same test accuracy as the original network after the same number of iterations at most when training alone.

We regard all the parameters of a complex network as the prize pool, and the subnet corresponding to the above set of sub-parameters is the winning lottery.

More formally, consider a dense feedforward neural network f(x; θ), where the initialization parameter θ=θ_0~D_θ. When descending with random gradient on the training set, F can achieve loss L and accuracy A after J iterations. In addition, consider applying a 01 mask m ∈ {0,1 }| θ| to the parameter θ, and train f(x; M⊙θ), f reaches loss L’ and accuracy A’ after j’ iterations. The lottery hypothesis indicates the existence of m, which makes j < = j (faster training time), a > = a (higher accuracy), ||| m || _ 0 < | θ| (fewer parameters).

How to find the winning lottery ticket

If the lottery hypothesis is correct, then the next question is how to design a strategy to find the winning lottery. The author puts forward a method to find the winning lottery ticket by iteration:

1. Randomly initialize a complex neural network.

2. train this network j times until it converges.

3. Cut off some weight parameters

4. Initialize the remaining sub-networks with the weights in step 1 to create winning lottery tickets.

5. In order to evaluate whether the sub-network obtained in step 4 is a winning lottery ticket, train the sub-network and compare the accuracy.

The above process can be carried out once or many times. When there is only one pruning, the network is trained once, and the weight of p% is cut off. In this paper, pruning is carried out N times iteratively, and the weight of P (1/n)% is cut off each time.

experimental analysis

The author has done a lot of experiments on the fully connected neural network for MNIST and the convolutional neural network for CIFAR10 respectively. Take MNIST experiment as an example here:

Pm represents how many parameters are left in the network. It can be observed from Figure 3 that the performance of sub-networks with different pruning rates is different. When Pm>21.2%, the smaller the Pm, that is, the more pruning parameters, the higher the accuracy. When Pm<21.1%, the smaller the Pm, the lower the accuracy. The winning lottery ticket converges faster than the original network, and has higher accuracy and generalization ability.

It can be observed from Figure 4 that iterative pruning can find the winning lottery ticket faster than oneshot pruning, and it can still achieve high accuracy in the case of small sub-network. In order to measure the importance of initialization in winning lottery tickets, the author keeps the structure of winning lottery tickets and then uses random initialization to retrain. Different from the winning lottery, the re-initialized network learning speed is slower than the original network, and the test accuracy will be lost after a small amount of pruning.

summary

In this paper, the author puts forward the lottery hypothesis and gives a method to find the winning lottery ticket. A subnet can be found by iterative unstructured pruning, and it can be trained faster with the initialization parameters of the original network, but the same performance can not be achieved if the random initialization method is used.

The author also points out some problems in this work. For example, the calculation of iterative pruning is too large, and a network needs to be trained for 15 or more times in a row. In the future, we can explore more efficient ways to find winning lottery tickets.

Paper 2: de construction lotty tickets: Zeros, signs, and the super mask.

Original link: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.01067

Review of lottery hypothesis

Frankle and Carbin put forward a model pruning method in the lottery hypothesis (LT) paper: after training the network, reset all the weights less than a certain threshold to 0 (pruning), then reset the remaining weights to the initial weights of the original network, and finally retrain the network. Based on this method, two interesting results are obtained.

On the one hand, the performance of a heavily pruned network (with 85%-95% weight removed) has not obviously decreased compared with the original network, and if only 50%-90% weight is removed, the network performance will often be higher than the original network. On the other hand, for the trained ordinary network, if the weights are re-randomly initialized and then trained, the results are equivalent to those before. However, the network with lottery hypothesis does not have this feature. Only when the network uses the same initialization weight as the original network can it be well trained, and if it is reinitialized, the result will be worse. The specific combination of pruning mask (if the deletion right is reset to 0, otherwise it is 1) and weight constitutes the winning lottery ticket.

existing problems

Although the lottery hypothesis is proved to be effective in the last paper, many potential mechanisms have not been well understood. For example, how does LT network make them show better performance? Why is the mask and the initial weight set so tightly coupled that reinitializing the network will reduce its trainability? Why simply choosing a large weight constitutes an effective criterion for selecting a mask? Will other criteria for selecting masks also work? This paper puts forward the explanation of these mechanisms, reveals the special modes of these sub-networks, introduces a variant that competes with the lottery algorithm, and obtains an unexpected derivative: supermask.

Mask criterion

The author sets the mask value of each weight as the function M(w_i,w_f) of the initial weight and the trained weight, which can be visualized as a set of decision boundaries in two-dimensional space, as shown in Figure 1. Different masking standards can be considered as dividing a two-dimensional (wi = initial weight, wf = final weight) space into regions with a mask value of 1 vs 0.

As shown in the figure, the masking criterion is identified by two horizontal lines, which divide the whole area into mask =1 (blue) area and mask =0 (gray) area, corresponding to the masking criterion used in the last paper: keep the final large weight and cut off the weight close to zero. The author calls this large _ final mask, m (w _ i, w _ f) = | w _ f |. The author also put forward eight other mask criteria, and the corresponding formulas are shown in the figure below, which keep the weight of the colored part of the ellipse and cut off the weight of the gray part.

The author has done a series of comparative experiments on these mask criteria, and the results for fully connected and Conv4 networks are shown in the following figure. It can be found that magnitude increase is comparable to large_final, and it will perform better in Conv4 network.

Taking the random mask as the baseline, we can find that those criteria that tend to retain the weight with a large final value can better find the subnet, but the effect of retaining the small weight is poor.

Importance of sign

Now we have explored which weights are better for impairment. The next question is how to reset the remaining weights. The author mainly wants to study an interesting result in the last paper. It works well when it is reset to the initial value of the original network, but it will get worse when it is initialized randomly. Why does reinitialization get worse and what are the most important initialization conditions? In order to find the answer to the question, the author has done a series of initialization experiments.

Reinit: Initialize the reserved weights based on the original initialization distribution.

Refresh: Initialize based on the original distribution of reserved weights.

Constant: Set the reserved weight to a positive or negative constant, that is, the standard deviation of the original initial value of each layer.

It can be found that preserving the initial value of the weight is not as important as preserving the sign. If other initialization methods are used, but the sign is ignored, the effect is very poor, which is similar to random initialization (dotted line in the figure). However, if the original weights keep the same sign, the initialization effect of the three methods is almost the same as that of LT network (solid line in the figure). As long as the signs are consistent, even if the remaining weights are set to be constant, it will not affect the performance of the network.

Supermask

At the beginning, the concept of super mask is mentioned, which is a binary mask. When it is used in randomly initialized networks, it can get higher accuracy even without retraining. Here’s how to find the best super mask.

Based on the above insight into the importance of the initial symbol and the consideration of making the weights closer to the final value, the author introduces a new mask criterion, selects larger weights, and these weights also keep the same sign after training, which the author calls large_final, same sign. And use large _ final and diffsign as control, and the difference between them is shown in the following figure.

By using this mask criterion, 80% of the test accuracy can be achieved on MNIST, while the accuracy of the large_final method in the last article is only 30% at the best pruning rate (note that this is without retraining).

summary

This article gives an in-depth explanation of the last article. By comparing different mask criteria and initialization schemes, we can answer why the lottery hypothesis can perform well. And interestingly, a new "super mask" is proposed, through which high accuracy can be obtained without retraining the subnet. This provides us with a new neural network compression method, which can reconstruct the weight of the network only by saving the mask and random number seeds.

references

1. Cheng, Yu, et al. "A survey of model compression and acceleration for deep neural networks." arXiv preprint arXiv:1710.09282 (2017).

2. Frankle, Jonathan, and Michael Carbin. "The lottery ticket hypothesis: Finding sparse, trainable neural networks." ICLR (2019).

3. Zhou, Hattie, et al. "Deconstructing lottery tickets: Zeros, signs, and the supermask." arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.01067(2019).

4. https://eng.uber.com/deconstructing-lottery-tickets/

5. https://towardsdatascience.com/how-the-lottery-ticket-hypothesis-is-challenging-everything-we-knew-about-training-neural-networks-e56da4b0da27

Author introduction: Zhu Zihao, currently a graduate student of Institute of Information Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, whose main research interests are graph neural network, multimodal machine learning, visual dialogue and so on. I like scientific research and sharing. I hope to learn and communicate with you through the heart of the machine.

This article is original for the heart of the machine, please contact Ben WeChat official account for authorization.

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Cluster communication with one call and one response.

When it comes to trunking communication, you may feel strange, but in life, we can often see police uncles holding walkie-talkies for mutual communication. These walkie-talkies are basically handheld terminals of trunking system. Trunk communication, like public mobile communication, has experienced the transition from analog system to digital system, but the development of trunking communication is much slower than that of public mobile communication, and people’s understanding of trunking communication needs to be improved, so it is necessary to introduce trunking communication.
oneOverview of trunking communication
Generally speaking, trunking communication is a kind of mobile communication system which is realized by base station relay. It is a communication system between public mobile communication and ordinary walkie-talkie. At present, it is mainly used for command and dispatch and emergency command of various special departments in China.
"Cluster" is derived fromTrunkingorTrunkedThese two English words are translated,TrunkThe original meaning of is "tree fork", but it can be translated as trunk or trunk line related to communication. But the relay andRelayRelated. Therefore, later, the older generation of mobile communication experts thought that translating it into relay or trunk line would be confused with real relay and trunk line, but it was determined to be a cluster in the sense that it set small groups into large groups, so cluster communication was so catchy.


Schematic diagram of trunking communication system

 fromTrunkedAll available channels of the system can be shared by all users of the system, that is, any user in the system who wants to talk to another user in the system can communicate with each other by using idle channels under the control of the central console.
In addition to the functions of ordinary telephone, trunking communication system also has the following characteristics:
(oneThe hierarchical management function of users: the cluster system divides users into several groups, and each group has different priority levels. In each group, different priorities can be set for users. During the call, members of the group with high priority can directly seize the right to speak of members of the group with low priority.
(2) Call function: Cluster system provides group call, emergency call and broadcast call, etc.threeKind of "one call and one hundred answers" function. The so-called group call refers to the one-to-many intercom call initiated by the user, and members in the group can press.PTTKey to apply for the right to speak, during the call, only one member can speak at the same time, and other members can only listen; Emergency call is a special intercom mode in an emergency, which has the highest call priority and is used to inform the pre-designated users or groups in the shortest time and in the most convenient way. Broadcast call is a special group call, which is different from group call in that only the caller can speak, but the called party has no right to speak.
This function seems to be the same as the ordinary walkie-talkie, but the biggest difference between them is that although the ordinary walkie-talkie can also achieve the function of "answering every call", there is no priority between each user of the ordinary walkie-talkie and it cannot be grouped. Once the "other" users are tuned to the same frequency, they can hear the call and initiate the call, thus causing interference or leakage.
(three) Shake and revive function: When a cluster terminal is accidentally lost or other special circumstances occur, in order to avoid the leakage of important information, managers can use the remote killing function to kill in the air at this time, so that it can not be turned on; For recoverable remote shooting, the system can also use the resurrection function to make the terminal work normally.
(four) Shared frequency: A small number of dedicated frequencies originally allocated to various departments are managed centrally for all families to use together, thus improving the effective utilization rate of frequency resources. Just like cars and roads, when there is only one lane, cars can only travel in sequence in this lane, and cars may travel slowly. When there are more than two lanes, cars can "see the needle", which is "sharing", which can greatly
(five) Shared facilities and shared coverage area: Because of the frequency sharing, it is possible to build facilities such as control centers and base stations separately built by each family to form a larger coverage area, and each family can set up a virtual console to control and contact their own users, thus greatly saving network investment.
(six) improve service: if the network is jointly built, the channel sharing can adjust the surplus and deficiency, and the total number of users supported by the total channel when the network is jointly built is much larger than the total number of users supported by the total channels dispersed to each network when the network is decentralized, thus improving the service quality; Centralized network construction can also strengthen management and maintenance, thus improving service level and enhancing system functions.


Application of trunking communication system

2The development of cluster system in China
Our country is1989In 2000, the simulation cluster system was introduced,1990Put into use in, mainly based onMPT1327Signaling standard is developed, and has been applied and popularized to some extent. although2001The Radio Administration of the Ministry of Information Industry issued "About"800MHzNotice on matters related to the use and management of trunking frequency (No.[2001]518No.), which stipulates that all analog trunking communication systems are in2005yeartwelvemoon31sunIt had to stop running before, but some traditional analog private networks are still running today.
With the development of digital communication technology, trunking communication system has also begun to develop to the second generation of digital technology, the most important feature is the adoption of.TDMA(Time division multiple access)andCDMA(code division multiple access)Communication mode. ITU (ITU) also recommended some digital trunking communication systems, such asiDEN(Integrated Dispatching Enhanced Network),TETRA(Europe-wide trunking radio)andFHMA (frequency hopping multiple access), etc., and four technical systems are recommended in China’s standards, namelyTETRA iDENGT800andGoTa.
(one) TETRAsystem
TETRA[2](Terrestrial Trunked Radio) is the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI,European Telecommunications Standards Institute) digital trunking standards, a lot of reference.GSM(Global System for Mobile Communications) concept, adoptTDMA(Time Division Multiple Access) system, carrier bandwidth25kHz, pointsfourTime slots, the modulation mode is &pi;/4DQPSK, support cellular continuous coverage. The main working frequency band is350MHz 400MHzand800MHz.TetraThe standard gives more consideration to command and dispatch, defines different network working modes, and specifies voice, circuit data, short data messages, packet data and other services as well as a variety of additional services.TETRAThe dispatching function of the system is relatively perfect, so it is very suitable for private networks, especially for military, armed police, public security and law enforcement units. It is one of the most widely used technical standards in China, such as Zhengtong Network in Beijing and Special Network for Asian Games in Guangzhou.
(2) iDENsystem
iDEN(integrated Digital Enhancde Network) yesMotorolaA digital trunking mobile communication system developed and produced by the company has the functions of duplex telephone interconnection, data and short messages, and integrates digital dispatching communication and digital cellular communication into one system, which mainly works in the following aspects.800MHzFrequency band.
iDENBased onTDMAScheduling communication in multiple access mode/Cellular telephone integrated system. On the basis of traditional large-area dispatching communication, it absorbs the advantages of digital cellular communication, enhances the interconnection function of telephone, and adopts cell multiplexing cellular structure to improve the coverage capacity of the network.iDENCarrier bandwidth of the system25kHz, pointssixTime slots, modulation mode isM-16QAM, support scheduling, telephone interconnection and circuit data./Fax and other services.
(three)GoTaDigital trunking communication system
2004yearthreemoon18sun, ZTE launched its world-leadingGoTa(Global open Trunking architecture) digital trunking communication system. This is the first time in the world that a digital trunking communication product with independent intellectual property rights has been released by a China enterprise.GoTaDigital trunking communication system is also the first one in the world based on.CDMA(Code Division Multiple Access) technology of real digital trunking system.GoTaThe meaning of is open cluster architecture, which adopts the currentCDMAThe latest wireless technology and protocol standards in mobile communication system are optimized and improved, so that it can meet the technical requirements of the cluster system, and at the same time, it has strong common network operation ability and business development ability, which can fully meet the future development needs of the cluster. Compared with several mature cluster technologies at present,GoTaThe trunking system has completely independent intellectual property rights, and the air interface and architecture adopt the technology adopted by the current third-generation mobile communication system, with higher spectrum utilization rate, larger capacity, more support services, less investment and convenient deployment, thus having broad technical and business development space.
existGoTaIn the design of the system, the characteristics of digital trunking communication network are fully considered, and the system is developed and designed for mobile operators, and the needs of mobile business users are fully considered. A terminal can integrate a variety of communication services such as trunking dispatching service, ordinary voice service, packet data service and many value-added services (SMS, location) into one network.GoTaThe system has the characteristics of high flexibility, excellent cost performance and comprehensive functions, which opens up more profit space for operators.
At present,GoTaHas been successfully applied to2005The 10th National Games in Nanjing in 2008,2008The first year of29Qingdao Olympic Sailing Competition and2009The 11th National Games of Shandong in 2008.
(four) GT800
GT800The system is developed by Huawei based on.GSMDigital trunking system based on technology. Huawei company research and developmentGT800The system is geared to the needs of domestic digital trunking market, referring to the business characteristics of existing digital trunking systems, especially in the aspects of fast calling, group service, priority control, security and confidentiality, and fault weakening, and can provide complete trunking dispatching services that meet the needs of domestic professional mobile communication. At the same time, in order to meet the needs of users for high-speed data services,GT800passGPRSTechnology, realize variable rate data transmission function.GT800It can provide a wide range of services, including basic calls, short messages, cluster scheduling, priority preemption, fast connection and location-based routing, etc., and also provide services based onGPRSData service.GT800It is suitable for the common network operation of cluster communication, and also suitable for the self-built private network of civil aviation, railway, water conservancy, municipal administration, transportation, construction, emergency rescue and disaster relief, mining area and other professional departments.
three, technical indicators of four trunking communication systems.
At present, trunking communication system has been widely used in all walks of life, such as railways, civil aviation, hydropower, oil fields, ports, light rail and subway, public security, inspection, law, security, military, armed police and other departments, and four technical systems are in use. In order to facilitate comparison, we list the technical indicators of the four trunking communication systems.[4]As follows:
References:
[1] Zheng zuhui.Trunk communication system and its digitization.Jinri electronic.1996.8
[2]Terrestrial Trunked Radio. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrestrial_Trunked_
Radio
[3] Zhang changsheng.Course of trunking communication system
[4] General situation of global digital trunking market development. http://tech.c114.net/159/a151855.html

The opening of the TV market in the international film and television market conveys an important "signal"

  (Reporter Li Junna) As an important exhibition and trading link of the Shanghai International Film and Television Festival, the TV market of the international film and television market officially opened in Shanghai Exhibition Center yesterday. Yesterday morning, Zhang Hongsen, deputy director of the State Administration of Radio and Television, and his party visited the pavilion, including the "Belt and Road" theme pavilion, Shanghai Radio, Film and Television Production Industry Association, Xinli Media and other exhibition areas.

  This year, the number of booths in the TV market has increased by more than 30% compared with last year, and the "Belt and Road" theme pavilion has been set up for the first time, and various interactive ways such as national TV program promotion and international buyer exchange meetings have been adopted to provide a multi-platform for exchanges and cooperation between TV institutions in various countries. As in previous years, hundreds of domestic and foreign film and television production companies, publishers and broadcasters set up exhibitions to "drink". As one of the weathervanes of TV dramas in the second half of the year and even next year, dazzling TV dramas also convey the "signal" of the current TV drama market.

  Realistic themes become mainstream.

  In recent years, realistic works closely following the pulse of the times have become the mainstream of creation, which will be further strengthened in future TV drama creation. In this year’s international film and television market, many film and television institutions put up posters of realistic TV dramas on their booths.

  "This year, we will have a number of realistic works." Wang Qiao, vice president of Xinli Media, introduced that Sesame Hutong, which is currently being filmed, expresses the life of a group of ordinary people in Sesame Hutong in the great era. Previously, Xinli Media adapted Yi Shu’s works and filmed My First Half Life, which became a phenomenal hot drama. Next, Yi Shu’s other work "last romance" will be adapted and filmed.

  The industry believes that the popularity of film and television companies robbing the head IP in the past few years is gradually declining, and today’s TV market is returning to the realistic theme of grounding gas. Yaoke Media, which has produced a series of realistic dramas, such as Mind, Divorce Lawyer, Women are not strong and Heaven forbid, Long time no see, has always taken realistic dramas as its main development direction. During the Shanghai TV Festival, Yaoke Media also released realistic dramas such as People’s Property, People Selling Houses, I heard that you like me, Love Like Stars and so on. Among them, "People’s Property" focuses on state-owned enterprises, which was co-written by the famous screenwriter Zhou Meisen and director Shen Yan.

  In realistic drama, the theme of love and marriage is still a new force. The urban love and marriage drama "We Are All Good" produced by Mango TV and Joy Film Media Co., Ltd. was unveiled at the Shanghai TV Festival. The drama focused on the love and marriage topics of the post-80 s and post-90 s, showing the course of the protagonist’s initiative to grow up from life difficulties. Liu Xuesong, the director, has directed The Times of the Storm, The Emergency Doctor and other works, and is good at telling the real theme.

  Online drama has gradually become a climate.

  The trend of online drama surpassing TV series to become the main battlefield of the industry is becoming more and more obvious. From the perspective of the international film and television market, not only is its quantity experiencing explosive growth, but its quality is expected to achieve a qualitative leap.

  In the Shanghai New Culture Media Exhibition Area, the posters of "Demon Journey to the West" and "Mermaid" attract people’s attention, and these two works are inextricably linked with the famous director Stephen Chow. "Among them," Journey to the West "is mainly an online drama aimed at online audiences, and" Mermaid "is positioned as a TV series linked by network and Taiwan." Gu Chen, director of corporate propaganda department of Shanghai New Culture Media Group Co., Ltd., told the reporter: "Although the copyright of Stephen Chow’s works has been bought for adaptation, it will re-hatch and break through in content. The audience will only pay for good content, and the shoddy online drama cannot keep the audience. As a production company, only the best production level can be produced. "

  Interestingly, among these people in the industry, the former "network linkage" is subtly becoming "network linkage". Gu Chen said: "Although the purchasing power of the traditional TV platform still exists, the resource advantage of the network platform is being further strengthened."

  This is also reflected in the film and television incubation project of online literature. Zhao Chen, general manager of Zongheng Literature, told the reporter: "Zongheng Literature, which was hatched the year before last, ranked first in Youku’s online ranking. This incident shows that the value of IP incubation must exist, the platform resources are limited, and some particularly good content may not be displayed in traditional TV channels, so it needs to be derived in multiple dimensions. "

WHO ranks the top ten cities with the most serious air pollution in the world.

Last week, the World Health Organization reported that about 8.2 million people die every year from air pollution, and the number is still growing. The most harmful air pollutant to human health is called PM2.5, that is, particles with a diameter less than 2.5 microns. Their existence leads to long-term health problems in the lungs, such as asthma and chronic lung disease. When the PM2.5 per cubic meter exceeds 35.5µg, it will become a health hazard. (passenger/compiler)

In Delhi, India, PM2.5 is 152µg/m3; Delhi is the only city listed by WHO as having a very unhealthy PM2.5 level. Its serious air pollution comes from motorcycles and nearby factories.

In Patna, India, PM2.5 is 149 g/m3; Patna, the second largest city in eastern India, is an important agricultural product trading center. The highly polluted air here partly comes from transportation, power plants and other industries.

In Gualior, India, the PM2.5 is 144 g/m3; Of the top 20 cities with the worst air pollution, 13 belong to India. According to The Times of India, the air pollution here mainly comes from coal-fired power plants, automobile emissions and the use of low-key energy in buildings.

In raipur, the PM2.5 is 134 g/m3; Located in central India, raipur is the fourth most polluted city in India. The main pollution sources in this city come from coal-fired power plants and aluminum and iron manufacturing industries.

Karachi, Pakistan, PM2.5 is 117 g/m3; Vehicles, industrial emissions and rapid urbanization have jointly led Karachi to become the most polluted city in Pakistan.

Peshawar, Pakistan, PM2.5 is 111µg/m3; Peshawar has a population of 3.5 million, and the air pollution here is not only from automobiles and industries, but also from brick kilns in the brick making industry.

In Rawalpindi, Pakistan, PM2.5 is 107 g/m3; Rawalpindi is a twin city of Islamabad, the capital of Pakistan. The serious air pollution here comes from the proliferation of private cars. Rawalpindi just started a large-scale transportation system in 2015, and maybe it will drop out of the top ten in the near future.

Iranian Hora Marbad, PM2.5 is 102 g/m3; Marbad, located in the west of Iran, is the most polluted city in Iran. This is an agricultural center, which is probably one of the root causes of air pollution.

In Ahmedabad, India, PM2.5 is 100 g/m3; The main air pollution in this western Indian city comes from the key construction projects in the city.

In Lucknow, India, the PM2.5 is 96µg/m3; Lucknow, located in northern India, ranks tenth in the most polluted cities. The serious level of air pollution here makes the city be classified as unhealthy.

In contrast, from this perspective, the average value of PM2.5 in Beijing is 56µg/m3; However, other calculation methods may make this value higher.