Zhuge Liang has always been a representative figure of loyal ministers and wise men in history. He made great contributions to the establishment of Shu. After the establishment of Shu, he was made prime minister, helped the people at home, and made sincere efforts to unite with Wu to resist Wei. In order to realize the revival of the Han Dynasty, he made several northern expeditions, but in the end he fell short and died in Wuzhangyuan at the age of 53. During Zhuge Liang’s life, he invented many things, among which eight inventions were the greatest, and some of them have been used to this day and are loved by people.
First, the wooden ox is flowing.
Mu Niu Liu Ma should be a famous invention of Zhuge Liang, which was invented by Zhuge Liang in the Northern Expedition to facilitate the transportation of grain. According to historical records, Zhuge Liang used Mu Niu in the fifth Northern Expedition and Liu Ma in the sixth Northern Expedition. Mu Niu Liu Ma is good at going uphill and downhill, and is suitable for mountainous areas, because their images are like cows and horses. There is a rope inside, and the rope ends and legs are connected, and it is twisted every 20 kilometers.
Second, send a crossbow.
The repeating crossbow was invented by Zhuge Liang for the first time. In the past, the old crossbow could only fire one arrow at a time, so Zhuge Liang improved it and invented that it could fire ten arrows at a time. The repeating crossbow was slightly wider than the ordinary crossbow, and it was extremely lethal when shooting arrows horizontally.
Third, the Eight Diagrams Array
This is the battle array created by Zhuge Liang himself after he came out of the mountain. He called it the Eight Diagrams Battle Array. The soldiers are arranged in a gossip shape, with eight doors in and eight doors out. This array is not easy to crack and is good at confusing the enemy. Zhuge Liang later transformed this array many times, and it evolved from an army array to a stone array and a horse array.
Fourth, Kongming Lantern
Kongming lantern is also called sky lantern, and now it is also called wishing lantern. Legend has it that it was invented by Zhu Gekongming in the Three Kingdoms period. At that time, Zhu Gekongming was besieged by Sima Yi in Yuping, and could not send troops out of the city for help. Kong Ming calculated the direction of the wind, made a floating paper lantern, tied with a message for help, and then escaped as expected, so later generations called this lantern Kong Ming Lantern.
Fifth, the bridge gun
After Zhuge Liang pacified the south, he decided to send troops to the north to fulfill Liu Beixing’s last wish to restore the Han Dynasty. The terrain leading to the north is extremely difficult, with many mountains and rivers. It’s okay to climb the mountain, but the key is to cross the river: soldiers spend a long time bridging the bridge every time. Zhuge Liang was also troubled by this. One day, he thought of how the ancients made a sickle hook, thus inventing a bridge gun. The shaft of the bridge gun is as long as the red tassel gun, and the head of the gun is spiral (a bit like a screwdriver now).
Sixth, mines
Everyone knows that Zhuge Liang played against Sima Yi in the last game. In this game, he used mines, but unexpectedly it rained heavily, which made the pre-laid mines wet with gunpowder and could not explode. Zhuge Liang wasted all his efforts and vomited blood angrily, and issued a heartfelt sigh that "Man proposes, God disposes".
Seventh, Kong Mingqi
In 228 AD, there was a rebellion in the south of Shu, so Zhuge Liang decided to marry himself to put down the rebellion. On the way, the weather in the south was changeable, Meng Huo was unwilling to surrender for a long time, and the soldiers in the army were bored, so Zhuge Liang invented a kind of chess, which could send away the soldiers’ boredom.
Eighth, steamed bread
This is Zhuge Liang’s seven attempts to capture Meng Huo and pacify Na Man, and he was prevented from crossing the river by the ghosts who died in battle. Zhuge Liang was so worried about this scene that he thought about it and had to pay homage to the river god, pray for God’s blessing, punish evil spirits and bless the living beings. Zhuge Liang could not bear to sacrifice his head and invented steamed bread as a substitute. So he ordered the sheep and pigs to be slaughtered, wrapped into dough and thrown into the water as a sacrifice. Later, people learned this custom.
(Original title: Zhuge Liang’s eight great inventions in his life, many of which are still in use today, and the last one we eat every day)
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