Media Watch ｜ ｜Sora was born, how should we ＂check＂？

Editor’s note:The appearance of Sora "World Simulator" marks another revolutionary reconstruction of information environment. Sora, based on Transformer and Diffusion model, has established a wide range of interaction between human/society and intelligent generation model in a real sense. The "Wensheng Video" generated by the whole people far exceeds deep forgery in terms of generation magnitude and detection difficulty, and shows its potential destructive effect on the real media as an "iterative universal version" of deep forgery. Zhang Menghan, an associate professor, and Chen Ze, a doctoral student, wrote in the 4th issue of Media Watch in 2024 that Sora, which takes "100 million parameters" as the data learning unit, has brought the alienation of the gatekeeper relationship. The gatekeeper activities carried out by the media, platforms and the public in accordance with the existing gatekeeper relationship will not only help the public to reduce external uncertainty and ensure the order of information, but will aggravate the disorder of information systems. The change of technical environment calls for the timely debugging and promotion of the theory of gatekeeper. In this context, the check should first be understood as the process of helping the public to establish meaningful contact with the real society with news truth. Whether the gatekeeper theory can get rid of the metaphor of "action" and return to the ontological meaning of social function is directly related to its theoretical and practical significance in the era of generative artificial intelligence.

　

Under the background of the emergence of artificial intelligence video with Sora as the "starting point", which leads to the loss of our perception of the reliability of the outside world, how to promote the matching between the gate-keeping theory and the peak of technological development? Perhaps we need to start from the technology itself and take "reverse engineering" as the cutting-in way, so as to launch an anatomical comprehensive observation. According to Hettne’s point of view, the more complicated a problem is, the more we need to return to its underlying mechanism and the space where "events" occur, so that we can effectively explain and respond to reality. Specifically, the gatekeeper theory-in the newspaper era, it is to observe the daily work of Mr. Gates in the newsroom, and in the digital era, it is to analyze the consequences of the decentralization of gatekeeper power and dismantle the black box of algorithm with theoretical tools and technology. The complex technical schema of artificial intelligence requires us to return to the "device" that most intuitively records the characteristics, modes and operating mechanisms of related artificial intelligence technologies, that is, to take the specific technical structure as the perspective.

Because the code segment of OpenAI is not open source, this paper focuses on the technical architecture features of Sora, and takes the open source generative AI code "DF Software For All" which is based on the same model (Transformer and Differentiation) as an exploratory supplement. This paper mainly explores why Sora’s technical framework subverts the existing gatekeeper mechanism and the structural impact of the change of gatekeeper relationship on the social system, and tries to explore the possibility of advancing the gatekeeper theory in Sora era on this basis.

Beyond Deep Forgery: Risk of Failure of Gatekeeper under the Reorganization of Human/Machine Model Relationship

When we make a technical comparison between deep forgery and Sora, we can more clearly and intuitively understand the overall impact of Sora on the existing customs control system.

First of all, deep forgery technology does not have the actual "intelligence", that is, it does not form an effective connection between the public and the machine model. According to Burkell, "deep forgery is a tool of experts in a few fields, but it has no use for the public", thus "it is far from the original intention pursued by artificial intelligence". Under the technical threshold, the number of deeply forged videos in circulation is relatively limited. According to the statistics of ContentDetector.AI, between 2017 and 2023, the total number of deeply forged videos on the global Internet is about 500,000. Among them, 96% are "pornographic forged" content, and the rest are related to political, economic, entertainment and other topics. The proportion of deeply forged videos with the possibility of "causing social unrest" is only 4%. It is these more than 20,000 deeply forged videos that have made human society step into the "false information age" and opened the prelude to the "end of the gatekeeper role" of journalism.

Different from deep forgery, OpenAI "bridges" through a series of technologies, making Sora the first social technology in the history of artificial intelligence that allows everyone to connect with the video generation model. In a real sense, the artificial intelligence video generation model completes the transformation from "domain technology" to "public product"-users don’t need to know how to transmit the coded information matrix output by Encoder to Decoder, and they don’t need to use any complicated CGI(Computer Generated Images) tools. Anyone can get a video that is enough to confuse the fake with the real by uploading a text narrative. If deep forgery challenges the traditional way of checking the customs based on the naked eye, then the emergence of Sora leads us into an era of "mass production" of "the catastrophe of false information", as Steven Levy said. We may imagine the following situation: When there are countless AI news videos such as "Biden dies, Harris is acting president" and "National motor vehicles are restricted" in one day, the chaos in the information field will also lead to the disorder of the social system. Under the interaction between numerous user nodes and Sora, the total amount of "Wensheng Video" generated in one day may exceed the sum of deeply forged videos in the past five years. This is bound to have a subversive impact on the existing customs control system, customs control methods and customs control strategies, and lead to disorder of the information environment.

Secondly, in view of the technical characteristics of deep forgery, there are many features in the generated video that can be identified and detected. For example, edge artifacts of image frames, fidelity changes during facial deformation, frame sequence residuals, etc. Sora follows the learning process of "accumulation-understanding-output", rather than the "synthesis" process of deeply forging "A+B", and there is no technical feature brought by "image fusion". Therefore, although Sora still has some problems such as the inability to accurately simulate the physical state of interaction, the existing technologies such as Reality Defender and The Fact are also difficult to accurately identify Sora videos. In this context, the "human +AI" collaborative mode proposed by Felix Simon has become an idealized idea. When neither manual check nor "machine check" can complete the identification of Sora video, the significance of check itself will dissipate.

Although Sora is still a "beta version" only used by artists, film producers and other groups, the last version history of AI-generated video, namely deep forgery, has shown us its comprehensive impact on the social information exchange order. According to Meckel’s view, the deeply forged carriage is carrying human beings away from the stable real world. However, Sora based on Transformer and Diffusion model is far superior to deep forgery in terms of generation order, detection difficulty and potential destructiveness. If deep forgery is the beginning of the separation of human beings from the stable real world, then Sora’s subversion of the existing control mechanism will undoubtedly lead us into a Dystopia dominated by gamism.

The more checks, the more chaos? Reconstruction of "Truth Appearing Mechanism" under the Condition of Alienation

The standard of action in the "field" of news control consists of two basic logics. The first is the control of "possibility set" from the perspective of cybernetics, which determines which information can be selected and flowed out of the "pipeline". The second is the core requirement of journalistic professional ethics for news gatekeepers, that is, the issue of authenticity. It can be seen that there are "two barriers" in news control, namely, content barrier and fact barrier. News gatekeepers need to select "news that can be released" from a series of "information materials" under the joint influence of importance, publicity, profit objectives, etc., so as to complete the content level; It is also necessary to ensure the authenticity of the selected information through "fact check".

Through the analysis of the second part of "DF Software For All" code, it can be found that in the training process of neural network, the number of images on each side has reached 500-5000. Such an intensive amount of training "is enough to make it impossible for human beings to judge the authenticity through the naked eye." Compared with "DF Software For All", Sora has achieved a qualitative leap in both the training amount and the learning database size. At present, Sora has begun to use videos from Shutterstock database and public network as training materials, and the training amount of its generated videos has to be calculated in units of "100 million parameters", far exceeding the training amount of any known model. This means that Sora will have a stronger ability to "confuse the real with the fake". A large number of AI-generated videos can easily bypass the "fact barrier" of traditional gatekeepers based on naked eye observation. In the past, the fact-checking mode based on "manual" is no longer able to cope with such a complicated technical situation.

The failure of the "fact gateway" will lead to a huge impact on the "content gateway". The original operation mechanism of "content gateway" is: on the basis of ensuring the authenticity of news, the gatekeeper shakes a "news screen" woven by "vines" such as market, political system and audience, so that some information with large granularity can flow into the information system, thus "countless event information is converted into controllable media information". Generally speaking, the size of information particles is determined by the degree of fit with the news value judgment system. In other words, if a piece of information is more important, novel and interesting, it is more likely to be processed into news by the gatekeeper and spread quickly in the information system.

However, for the video news generated by Sora, because it can be produced in an imaginative way out of reality, everyone can adjust the inherent properties of the generated video at will by editing the text content, and create a large-grained news that is difficult to distinguish between true and false. If you want the importance of "news" to be more prominent, you can set the video subject to the White House or the Russian-Ukrainian battlefield. If you want "news" to be more exciting, you can take conflict and violence as the keynote of video narration. The granularity of information has changed from the objective attribute of information to the control panel that can be dragged at will. The "content check" by the media, the public and the platform based on the granularity of information will not only accelerate the entropy increase of the information system, but also bring about the alienation of the existing check relationship.

The platform and the public have respectively formed a profit-oriented algorithm and a self-determination logic dominated by personal interests. Driven by the pressure of survival and traffic competition, the media’s gatekeeper activities are gradually dominated by the gatekeeper logic of the public and the platform. It can be said that the appearance of the internet has completely changed the traditional relationship between customs and gates. However, when the gatekeeper relationship reconstructed by the Internet collides head-on with the "Wensheng Video" represented by Sora, a new crisis of the information system arises. The gatekeeper activities carried out according to the existing gatekeeper relationship will not only fail to exert its "living functional order", that is, help the public reduce external uncertainty and play the role of ordering information, but will aggravate the disorder of the information system.

According to Masip and others, the public always prefers those "novel, exciting and interesting" contents to "events in daily life". The simulation and creativity of Sora make the information content generated by SORA have almost unlimited space in satisfying the public’s excitement and interest. The sharing rate, dissemination rate, diffusion range and interactive attraction of this kind of information "usually far exceed an ordinary and important news". Therefore, the public’s personal interest-oriented control is likely to become the diffuser of AI-generated video. Public praise, forwarding or discussion will promote the rapid spread of AI-generated videos in information systems and expand the coverage of potential negative impacts.

At the same time, the platform’s gatekeeper mechanism is also hijacked by the information characteristics of AI-generated videos and the public’s information preferences.

On the whole, the check-up mechanism of the platform is mainly composed of three parts. First, the platform itself checks after negative information or false information enters the public view. Second, it is the public voting mechanism. Thirdly, it is an intelligent distribution mechanism based on algorithms. In addition, the platform algorithm and the public’s gatekeeper power are actually "deprived" from traditional media. If the public and the platform get the power to check but can’t play the social function of checking, the pressure on the media will also increase. For news media, platforms and the public have become important channels for their news sources. Although the professional journalist team and editorial department can still be responsible for the first-hand news articles, it is difficult for the news media to complete the technical verification of "true and false discrimination" in a short time when the platform and public channels are flooded with a large number of AI-generated videos. At the same time, the news industry, which is "normally connected" with the platform, still needs to obey the timeliness needs of the public. Under the pressure of polluted information sources, difficult and time-consuming technical review of AI-generated videos, and timeliness competition among media, journalism can easily become the endorser of the "authenticity" of AI-generated videos. Once the credibility of journalism as the "final fact benchmark" collapses, it will lead to the risk of disorder of the whole information system and make us enter an era of pan-falsificationism. The so-called pan-falsificationism means that when individuals can’t distinguish the boundary between external reality and fictional things at all, they turn to face the media environment with a game mentality that can be grasped by individuals, and treat all information with the information concept of "not sure what is true is false".In this context, the social significance of news as a social tool has also dissipated, and it has become a "public toy".

Matching the peak of technology: the possibility of structural reconstruction of gatekeeper theory in the era of generative AI

The "intelligent emergence" of generative AI, represented by Sora, is promoting the structural change of the gate-keeping theory. In this context, the possible direction of the gatekeeper theory in the era of generative AI includes the following aspects.

First of all, it is about the adjustment of the focus of the theoretical connotation of gatekeeper. It can be said that the emergence of Sora subverts the self-evident premise assumption of the gatekeeper theory, that is, the question of "authenticity". In the pre-Internet era, the "authenticity" in the process of news media’s checking is an inevitable requirement of news, and it is also a basic premise that needs no elaboration. Thus, we saw the classic statement of shoemaker and Vos on the theory of gatekeeper: "Gatekeeper is the process of selecting and making limited information that people accept every day from countless pieces of information." Even after entering the Internet era, the truth of news has not been fundamentally challenged, and the focus of theoretical promotion is mostly placed on the new gatekeeper by researchers. For example, Wallace defines the theory of "the media, the platform and the public intercept the information they are interested in from the huge information flow according to their different orientations".

It can be seen that both shoemaker and Wallace have a default assumption when summarizing the theoretical boundaries, that is, "countless pieces of information" or "huge information flow" are all informational presentations of real-world movements, and the main tasks of the check are "interception" and "production". However, the "world simulator" represented by Sora is destroying the premise of this hypothesis. According to the prediction of Gartner Group, an American data analysis company, in the next three years, the information output by generative AI will account for 30% of the total information space. In the foreseeable future, "countless pieces of information" will be mixed with a large number of generated videos that are difficult to distinguish between authenticity and falsehood. In this context, the self-evident "authenticity" needs special attention in theory. Gatekeeper should first be understood as a process of identifying false information and helping the public to establish meaningful contact with the real society with the truth of news.

Secondly, it is to re-explore the relationship between "people". Nowadays, the gatekeeper relationship as a whole appears as two sides of a boundary-one side is the real world where the platform, the public and the media are located, and the other side is the iterative generative AI. Whether the border can be effectively checked determines the wandering situation of this border. The more the border moves in the direction of platform, media and the public, the more difficult it is for us to perceive the real world through the media. Whether it is the media, the public or the platform, it will face a crisis when the ontological security cannot be guaranteed. In this context, the gatekeeper relationship has the possibility that the media caters to the public interest and platform traffic logic and moves towards a cooperative relationship.

Finally, it is a return to the ontological meaning and social meaning of gatekeeper. The impact of Sora’s national generation and simulation characteristics on the information environment requires us to rethink the role and function of gatekeeper in the social system and focus on its ontological significance as a social function. From words (ChatGPT) to pictures (DALLE) to videos (Sora), as the "head sheep" in the field of generative AI, OpenAI has pieced together a media puzzle that spans the boundary between virtual and reality in just two years. The AI-generated content that simulates the physical world mediates the original solid connection between us and the real world. From a historical perspective, we have never had such a need to control the social function. In the era of generative AI, gatekeeper is no longer just a metaphor about gatekeeper, information receiver and channel, but the essential relationship between human and social truth, information system and social ecological order. In the face of the upcoming AI information tide, the "success" and "failure" of the gatekeeper is directly related to whether the public can still know and understand the real world through the media and act accordingly. How to reconstruct the "truth appearance mechanism" in the era of generative AI will become an important theoretical and practical problem in future research.

(Media Watch, No.4, 2024, with an original text of about 11,000 words, is entitled: How to reconstruct the "truth-appearing mechanism" under the impact of "the generation of the whole people"-the relational practice and structural change of the gatekeeper theory in the era of generative artificial intelligence. This is an excerpt, and the notes are omitted. Please refer to the original text for academic citations. The full text of "Media Watch Magazine" is linked to https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/HR1nKt5K3dxMCLxCnGS2nA. )

[Author] Zhang Menghan, Associate Professor, School of Communication, Soochow University

Chen Ze, Ph.D. candidate, School of Communication, Soochow University.

Specially planned ｜ Take advantage of the wind, the ancient puppet drama is popular, and the derivative of the national wind with fire is brought.

This summer, with the popularity of many ancient puppet dramas, the derivative market of ancient puppet dramas has also shown a lively scene. Small to mobile phone cases, stickers, and large to joint jewelry; Tradition, such as joint Hanfu, innovation, such as digital collection, drama derivatives with rich categories and different forms have been pushed to the market one after another, which has helped drama marketing and instigated the long tail effect of film and television IP.

　

Propaganda and sales weapon

With the explosion of IP works, derivatives have gradually become the standard of phenomenal ancient puppet dramas. Because of its dual attributes of publicity materials and commodities, more and more drama parties put the development of derivatives ahead, and almost synchronized the development of content and derivatives.　

On July 20th, Huanrui Century’s costume drama "Aquilaria Resina" was launched, and derivative products related to the drama, such as hand-made, dolls and artistic fragrance candles, were launched simultaneously. The audience can click on the link on one side of the screen and jump to buy the corresponding products while watching the drama. Guo Chan, general manager of Huanrui Century Derivatives and vice president of Ruijia Asset Investment, told Variety Daily that in order to conduct in-depth commercial exploration of its IP, Huanrui Century established Beijing Huanrui Clothing Co., Ltd. at the end of 2021, and the development of derivatives of "Aquilaria Resinatum" is one of the key projects of the company.　

Guo chan

According to Guo Chan, there are many inspirations for the derivative creation of ancient puppet dramas, and developers make pre-thinking and top-level design from multiple dimensions at the beginning of film and television drama shooting. Take "agarwood as crumbs" as an example, we must first consider the preferences of the target user group. "Most of our users are young people between the ages of 18 and 32. On the basis of investigating the market demand, the team has developed derivatives such as blind boxes, hand-made, cotton dolls, etc. At present, the feedback from the industry and the market reputation are good." Secondly, derivative development is based on the key elements of the drama. For example, around the core props that run through the drama, such as the incense burner, the team did not simply re-carve, but tried to create and develop professional products again. The team re-modeled the flower-shaped incense burner in the play in 3D, and endowed it with fragrance function while maintaining its original shape. With the agarwood candle repeatedly debugged by the perfumer, it launched the work "Flower Candle", which is no less than the professional fragrance brand on the market.

In addition, the team also launched products such as Puhan bookmarks, half-dream floating incense tablets, and a dream agarwood paper carving lamp. "In the development of derivatives of ancient puppet shows, while considering the consumption intention of drama powder, we should also consider the demand of the mass consumer market, and we need to find a balance between the two to provide consumers with more diverse product choices."

Different from the independent development of "Aquilaria Resinatum", more ancient puppet dramas have chosen the cooperation mode of joint authorization. As the "opening gun" of the summer file, Meng Hua Lu attracted the attention of the audience of ancient puppet shows once it was broadcast. The exquisite and concise Song costumes in the play made the majority of "Hanfu girls" deeply plant grass (in network terms, it means that they like an object very much). Thirteen clothing brands reached an authorized cooperation with the IP party before the series started, and at the peak of the plot, four joint works were launched in the voice of fans "wanting to look forward to the same paragraph", which triggered a hot discussion on the whole network.

On June 30th, two kinds of tea drinks, Perilla Pink Peach Drink and Menghua Tea Happy Tea Ordering, were put on sale. It is reported that "Purple Perilla Pink Peach Drink" is inspired by Zhao Niangzi’s famous drink "Purple Perilla Drink" in Dream of China, and "Dream of Chinese Tea is Happy to Order Tea" is inspired by the traditional "Order Tea" in China. Two kinds of tea quickly set off a buying craze, and netizens punched cards on social platforms such as friends circle and Weibo, which led to the fermentation of topics and the marketing of drama series.　

In addition, Meng Hua Lu also launched an offline theme exhibition-the offline antique market of "Elegant Dream China Tour", which not only showed the scenes in the play, but also set up cuju, throwing pots, Hanfu parade, tea ordering and other projects.

stone stream

The extension of derivatives of ancient puppet shows is constantly expanding. Professor Shi Chuan of Shanghai Theatre Academy is concerned that in addition to the traditional consumer goods, digital collections and offline travel have become a new trend in derivative development in recent years. "The authorization of ancient puppet works, as well as the escape of the secret room, the landing attempt of theme hotels and film and television cities have appeared, which is a trend worthy of attention in the development of film and television derivatives."　

More iconic development has obvious advantages.

"The development of film and television derivatives, the theme of ancient dolls occupies half." Some insiders emphasize the development potential of ancient puppet derivatives.

In this regard, Guo Chan said that the derivative development of modern and contemporary film and television works has not obviously lagged behind the ancient theme, and the sales of co-branded clothing, accessories and other products launched by some contemporary urban film and television dramas can not be underestimated. "At present, costume derivatives occupy a large market share, which may be due to the more unique identification of such products."　

In Guo Chan’s view, ancient works and modern works have their own advantages and disadvantages in the field of derivative development. The advantage of antique theme is that it has its own oriental symbolic aesthetic gene and has more imagination space; In terms of disadvantages, the ancient theme needs to find a development point that can get through the drama and reality, and realize the deep integration of breaking the "secondary wall", which requires developers to have strong plot understanding ability and product transformation ability. The content of modern themes and the contemporary consumption environment are naturally integrated, but it is this integration that makes the uniqueness of derivatives relatively weak.　

Ishikawa believes that the competitiveness of derivatives of ancient puppet shows is strong, which benefits from the operability of the development of derivatives of ancient costume themes. China film and television creators have diverse thoughts on realistic themes, hoping to project real life into their works. Themes are relatively artistic or more serious, while derivatives need to have entertainment and leisure properties. Therefore, the development of derivatives of realistic dramas has certain limitations. "Ancient costumes are far away from real life, with more imagination and easier operation."　

Strong heat dependence needs to improve IP value

Some insiders said that although the national style and tide prevailed in recent years, such products still had limitations in circles, and the target audience of ancient puppet derivatives was still drama powder, and the market development efforts still needed to be strengthened.

"The domestic film and television derivative development industry has entered a bottleneck period of development." Ishikawa told Variety that although new carriers such as digital collections appeared, the value attributes of derivatives themselves did not appear. Most products with large market sales need to have both creativity and use value, and the sales of products with more traditional forms are more secure. Purely IP-oriented dolls, hand-made goods, etc., unless the price is cheap enough, the audience’s desire to buy is not high. "The derivative sales of domestic film and television works are highly dependent on the heat of the drama series, and the IP influence is weak, which will directly lead to a cliff-like decline in product sales."　

Ishikawa suggested that practitioners can refer to Marvel Comics’s ladder strategy: first, accumulate brand popularity through comics, select themes with high popularity, develop animation or drama series, and then select appropriate themes from them to operate movies, and finally build a complete film and television universe. That is, "accumulating a large number of readers and audiences through different carriers, forming a solid IP fever, and then carrying out targeted stage operations to continuously improve the IP value can help derivatives realize the idea of sustainable development."　

Guo Chan believes that to avoid the decline of derivatives sales momentum with the popularity of IP, we must adhere to specialization and branding. "If there is only one" Aquilaria Resina ",its development cycle is limited. Only when there are enough high-quality IP, a steady stream of fresh blood injection and continuous introduction of good products can we achieve the goal of specialization and branding. "　

Special planning |The popularity of ancient puppet shows and traditional culture

● Ancient puppet shows and traditional culture "go in both directions"

● Take advantage of the wind, the ancient puppet drama is popular, and the derivative of the national wind with fire is brought.

● The popularity of ancient puppet shows going out to sea continues unabated.

● Ancient puppet dramas hit "Li" and "Broken"

Photo: drama series, brand official micro

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The supreme leader strictly manages the party： Ming rules replace hidden rules. Young party member is motivated

　　2016年1月12日，中共中央总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席最高领袖在中国共产党第十八届中央纪律检查委员会第六次全体会议上发表重要讲话。资料图

　　中国青年网北京5月22日电（记者开可）2012年，十八届中共中央政治局常委同中外记者见面会上，以最高领袖为总书记的新一届党中央向全国人民发出了从严治党的承诺。如今，从严治党已经成为常态，深入人心，赢得民心。从严治党对基层的青年党员来说，不仅是一场永没有休止符的考验，更是他们上进的动力。从严治党，让青年党员们有了干劲。

　　明规则替换潜规则青年党员点赞

　　2014年5月，最高领袖在河南省兰考县指导兰考县委常委班子专题民主生活会并发表重要讲话。在讲话中，最高领袖明确提出了用明规则替换潜规则。

　　“立明规则，破潜规则，必须在党内形成弘扬正气的大气候。大气候不形成，小气候自然就会成气候。”“破除潜规则，根本之策是强化明规则，以正压邪，让潜规则在党内以及社会上失去土壤、失去通道、失去市场。全党上下，任何一级组织、任何一名党员和干部都要严格遵守党的组织制度和党的法规纪律，对党忠诚，光明磊落，公道正派。”

　　用明规则替换潜规则，在国网山东省电力公司工作黄传锋首先想到的就是入党的“由易变难”。在国网山东省电力公司工作的黄传锋是一名有着二十多年党龄的老党员。据他告诉记者介绍，以前入党的时候就是写一份入党申请书，表现好一点就可以了，或者是工作时间年限够了，应该入党了，就写一份申请书上交。但是现在变得“有点困难”。入党考虑地更加全面，要从入党积极分子的各方面进行综合考虑，用黄传锋的话说就是：“得脚踏实地好好干才能有（入党）机会。”

　　“做事都按照规则去做，不搞潜规则。官僚主义作风、不民主、不公正，消灭这些潜规则才能让党的发展更加规范，才更能让人看到希望。”天津大学生村官杨代显说，用明规则替换潜规则，对青年党员、有上进心的党员是非常大的鼓舞。

　　相比黄传锋，天津大学生村官杨代显的党龄虽然只有六年，但是觉悟一点都不差。“我们青年党员非常支持和赞同习总书记提出的从严治党。这也让我们看到了希望。我们从中获得了一种力量，就是咱们的党始终处于先进地位。可是我们年轻的党员也要反思：对于党章的每一条都遵守了吗？是一名合格的党员吗？”杨代显觉得，从严治党是对每一名党员的考验。

　　In Yang Daixian’s view, party member must have its own principles and abide by party constitution. In the interview, Yang Daixian spoke the voice of many young party member: "As a young party member, we hate corruption and violate party discipline and rules." "We are to serve the people. If we all have problems ourselves, how can we serve the people and how can the people recognize us? " Yang Daixian said.

　　The new situation of strictly administering the partyYoung party member has drive.

　　"At that time, joining the party had to take part in the study, learn the little red book of party constitution, and then take the exam." Yang Daixian said that what impressed him the most was the scene of studying communist party and party constitution during the entrance examination.

　　"The introducer briefly introduces the situation and explains the nature of our party and what kind of promotion (joining the party) has for individuals." Yang Daixian told reporters that he sometimes wondered why he felt close to the party organization at the beginning. "The party represents the advanced and pursuit. At that time, I felt it was a special honor to join the party, and it was also to better serve my classmates. Moreover, seeing the deeds of old party member is very touching, it has strengthened the belief of joining communist party. "

　　从严治党为每一名党员提出了要求、敲响了警钟。“我们青年党员对习总书记提出的从严治党非常支持和赞同。”杨代显告诉记者，“这样才能使党永葆青春，使党永远保持先进性。老百姓才能真正拥护党。”

　　长期在基层工作，每天都和老百姓打交道，杨代显对“群众的眼睛是雪亮的”这句话深有感触。“群众的眼睛是雪亮的，如果咱们有问题，肯定不会支持我们。有很多事他们不直接参与并不代表不关心。”杨代显给记者举例说：“选举党支部书记是党内的问题，都是党员来选。但是咱们的村民肯定都会讨论。谁当了书记能为咱们大家做好事，谁不行。然后就会和我们沟通、推荐。老百姓心里是有一杆秤的。”为民办事，自身清廉，老百姓才能真正地支持和拥护。

　　对于黄传锋来说，老百姓的拥护是来自于真的为人民办事。“学习党章，为人民服务，真正落实到行动上来。”黄传锋告诉记者，以前老百姓办事“脸难看，门难进”的情况已经减少了很多。他以自己的工作单位举例说：“像我们供电部门只要一个电话，我们的服务就能全部到位，主动上门。比如企业投资需要安装变压器，只需要给我们供电所打一个电话，我们了解情况后会在几个工作日之内将变压器安装好。”

　　Huang Chuanfeng described the strict administration of the party as a spring breeze blowing at the grassroots level. There is an upsurge of "two studies and one work" between party member at the grass-roots level. "The company’s project department set up a temporary party group, and everyone often studied the party’s documents and spirit together. In the first hour of working hours in the first week of each month, (the group) learns the party class first and then the safety regulations. Now it’s changed to ‘ Two studies and one doing ’ . The masses generally reflect that our work is solid. " Huang Chuanfeng said.

　　"Strictly administering the party has won the hearts of the people for the party. Re-study party constitution, take party classes, and look up to the old comrades and model party member. Models can play a leading role, and we just have to follow them unswervingly, not lagging behind in thought, and not lagging behind in action. " Huang Chuanfeng said that they have established a "mentoring" model, with model party member driving excellent party member, excellent party member driving ordinary party member, and then ordinary party member driving new party member. Driven by layers, not only qualified party member is cultivated, but also the enthusiasm of party member to serve the people.

Interpretation of Guangdong Israel Institute of Technology： Biotechnology and Food Engineering

The college entrance examination arrived as scheduled.

Filling in volunteers has become a top priority.

I don’t know what major to choose.

What are the professional characteristics and prospects?

What is the experience of studying xx major?

……

Guangdong Israel Institute of Technology (hereinafter referred to as "Guangyi") "Professional Interpretation" Series

Will take you to answer them one by one!

Today, let’s walk into

Biotechnology and food engineering major-

Preliminary study on specialty

The 21st century has brought many new challenges to human society, including the rapid growth of population. By 2050, the population of the earth will exceed 9 billion. With the increase of population, human beings are faced with a series of problems such as how to improve health and nutrition, improve the quality of life, and at the same time, they need to deal with the challenge of how to build a sustainable green earth. Faced with these challenges, biotechnology and food engineering related industries can provide solutions. Today, the research of biotechnology and food engineering is expected to push the future of human civilization to a new height.

Biotechnology research is diverse, including cell and tissue engineering, drug delivery, genomics and metagenomics, directed evolution, environmental and agricultural microbiology, gene therapy, pathogen exchange, immunology and synthetic biology. From the perspective of biotechnology, most of these research directions focus on developing new technologies of biochemical processing and materials with commercial feasibility. Food processing and production includes both traditional processing methods and modern high-tech fields, such as toxicology, food safety, reliable and emerging new generation processing methods and equipment design, functional food, food chemistry, food function and sensory analysis, food preservation, future food development process, intelligent packaging, food microbiology, nutrition and nutritional health products, food nanotechnology, food biotechnology and food structure and printing.

Guangyi opened the major of biotechnology and food engineering in 2017, following the professional setting of Israel Institute of Technology. This major is one of the few interdisciplinary majors in the world that combines biotechnology and food engineering, and is committed to providing high-level talents for biotechnology and food industry. The specialty combines biological science with food science and engineering, and carries out teaching and research activities on an interdisciplinary basis.

In 2018, the professional supporting discipline "Food Science and Engineering" was selected as the list of key construction disciplines in the "Strengthening and Strengthening" promotion plan of higher education. With the strong support of the construction plan of high-level universities in Guangdong Province, the development of food science and engineering has been significantly improved, and at the same time, the teaching resources of biotechnology specialty have been promoted. At the end of 2021, this major was recommended by the Guangdong Provincial Department of Education as a provincial first-class undergraduate major construction point.

training objective

According to the characteristics of this major, it trains engineers and scientific and technological talents in the fields of biotechnology and food engineering, and graduates can be competent in both biotechnology and food fields. Graduates can work in food, medicine, cosmetics, environmental protection-related standard institutions or food, medicine, agriculture, energy, environment and other related government agencies.

Graduates will become competitive engineers, adapt to the biotechnology and food industries in Guangdong Province and even in Greater China, and will also be welcomed by graduate programs in top universities around the world.

Training program

one

In order to train highly skilled engineers in the fields of food and biotechnology, the specialized courses cover the contents taught by Israel Institute of Technology, laying a solid scientific foundation for students in mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology, and engineering. Students study traditional and modern topics in the fields of biotechnology and food engineering through core courses and advanced courses, get in touch with cutting-edge technologies and research directions, and gain rich practical experience.

2

In the first three semesters of professional study, all undergraduates must complete the basic courses of science and engineering, focusing mainly on mathematics, physics, chemistry and biology. Since then, interdisciplinary education has been offered, including food engineering, biochemistry, nutrition, molecular biology, biotechnology and entrepreneurship. Senior students can further take advanced courses to deepen their professional knowledge and experience, such as genetics and advanced genetic technology, ecological engineering, advanced biomaterials, agricultural products processing and research projects. In addition, this major also plans to offer other advanced courses such as tissue engineering and synthetic biology.

three

This major attaches importance to the experimental teaching, and the experimental class hours account for 30%-40% of the total class hours. Each laboratory is equipped with the most advanced facilities and equipment to create a high-standard experimental teaching environment for students.

four

The major provides students with opportunities to participate in cutting-edge scientific research projects, and undergraduates will have the opportunity to directly participate in project research and publish scientific research papers as research assistants.

five

Implement the credit system. Students of this major need to complete 161 credits of courses in four years’ study, including compulsory courses (119 credits), elective courses (32 credits) and elective courses (10 credits). The course contains both basic knowledge and advanced theory, as well as various experimental courses to exercise practical skills and scientific research practice projects that can be independently participated. Students must take 17 credits of ideological and political theory courses and other courses.

six

This major pays attention to the international training of students. Specialized courses are taught in English, and original English textbooks and handouts are used to provide various forms of international exchange activities such as going abroad to enhance students’ international vision and cross-cultural communication ability.

seven

Pay attention to students’ quality education and professional spirit cultivation, cultivate students’ professional ethics and ethics through general courses, professional courses and various lectures, and understand the influence of science and technology on nature and society.

Faculty

Most of the teachers majoring in biotechnology and food engineering in Guangdong Israel Institute of Technology are directly selected by Israel Institute of Technology, and the rest of the teaching and research personnel are recruited globally according to the standards of Israel Institute of Technology. The number of professional teachers is constantly increasing. Teachers have rich teaching experience and high academic level, and quite a few teachers have rich experience in Industry-University-Research.

Teaching condition

This major has brand-new teaching and laboratory facilities, equipped with the most advanced instruments and equipment, which can provide each student with independent experimental operation experience, including: general microbiology, food microbiology and molecular biology laboratories, which can carry out complete microbiological and molecular biology experimental processes, characterization and safety tests under international standards; Biochemical and food analysis laboratory can realize a complete workflow of biochemical and analytical experiments, and the equipment can be used for the separation, detection and identification of food, pharmaceutical components and bioactive substances; Fermentation and downstream processing laboratories, using fully controllable pilot-scale equipment and downstream processors, can provide innovative operation courses on cell expansion and the manufacture of drugs and biological products; Food processing and pilot plants can achieve multi-device cooperation similar to food industry.

development prospect

This major aims to train graduates who can work in the fields of biotechnology and food engineering. Graduates can work in food, pharmacy, medical equipment, cosmetics, environmental protection, standardization institutions and food and drug regulatory agencies.

This major also lays a foundation for students’ further study. The research of this major covers a series of most advanced topics, including biotechnology, microbiology and molecular biology, food engineering and technology, stem cell and tissue engineering, toxicology, synthetic biology, biochemistry and nutrition, genetics, animal and plant science, packaging, enzymology, encapsulation, biopolymers, protein engineering and computational biology.

Up to now, this major has trained two undergraduate graduates. After completing their undergraduate studies, they received an admission notice from a world-renowned university to pursue a master’s/doctoral degree. Such as Johns Hopkins University, Carnegie Mellon University, Minnesota Twin Cities, Rice University, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, University College London, Imperial College London, Wageningen University in the Netherlands, Hebrew University in Israel, Weizmann Institute of Science, and National University of Singapore.

Most importantly, as an innovative university focusing on applied research, Guangyi will encourage students to use the deep basic knowledge gained in their studies to solve major social challenges, so as to explore innovative and entrepreneurial methods in the early career.

Subject selection requirements

3+1+2 New College Entrance Examination Mode

Physics is preferred, then chemistry or biology.

3+3 College Entrance Examination Mode

Take an examination of physics

Traditional college entrance examination mode of liberal arts and sciences

Choose science.

Dialogue professor

Q: What is unique about the major of biotechnology and food engineering in Guangyi?

A : The specialty of biotechnology and food engineering in Guangdong Israel Institute of Technology is unique in the combination of engineering technology research and life science application, which is rare in the world. The major of biotechnology and food engineering in Guangzhou has followed the curriculum of Israel Institute of Technology for more than 50 years, and Israel Institute of Technology is the top research university in the world. At present, other universities in China have not set up a major that combines biotechnology with food engineering. Students who have obtained degrees in biotechnology and food engineering in Guangzhou will have specialized skills and knowledge in biotechnology and food science. These two fields are often associated with biomaterials, which are the basis of core courses of engineering technology.

Another advantage of Guangyi students is their close contact with a series of high-end research carried out in the school. Starting from the third academic year, students can join research projects led by scientists. In addition, students can also study abroad for a semester or holiday in world-renowned universities such as Israel Institute of Technology.

Q: Guangyi Student Union has its own set of experimental equipment. Do you do experiments by yourself?

A : Yes, one of the advantages of Guangyi is that the school has invested a lot of money in equipment purchase.

This major has brand-new teaching and laboratory facilities, equipped with the most advanced instruments and equipment, which can provide each student with independent experimental operation experience, including: general microbiology, food microbiology and molecular biology laboratories, which can carry out complete microbiological and molecular biology experimental processes, characterization and safety tests under international standards; Biochemical and food analysis laboratory can realize a complete workflow of biochemical and analytical experiments, and the equipment can be used for the separation, detection and identification of food, pharmaceutical components and bioactive substances; Fermentation and downstream processing laboratories, using fully controllable pilot-scale equipment and downstream processors, can provide innovative operation courses on cell expansion and the manufacture of drugs and biological products; Food processing and pilot plants can achieve multi-device cooperation similar to food industry.

Q: What are the teaching modes and advantages of the major of biotechnology and food engineering in Guangyi?

A : The widely used teaching mode has both basic knowledge and advanced theory, and also includes various experimental courses to exercise practical skills and scientific research practice projects that can be independently participated. Students can join the research group in their junior year, senior year or even sophomore year, design their own experiments and try to solve problems. Under the guidance of professors and graduate students, undergraduates can get their own experience, think about whether they really like scientific research, and then make plans for their future master’s and doctoral studies. Even if they don’t choose to pursue further studies in the future, these scientific research experiences are also very important for their future employment in enterprises. Practice can benefit students in all aspects.

Author: Guangdong Israel Institute of Technology

Reporting/feedback

The number of digital reading users in China reached 494 million, and 5G refreshed the reading experience.

　　At the Cultural and Creative Exhibition of China Digital Reading Conference held recently, an exhibitor of a digital reading platform introduced its products to visitors. Xinhua News Agency reporter Weng Yushe

　　Cangzhou Library, Hebei Province has built 160 "reading micro-spaces in study rooms" with public service advertisement columns, bus stop windows and community reading walls as the promotion carriers, and carried out code scanning reading services. The picture shows the citizens scanning the code to read books online. Photo by Yuan Liwei (People’s Picture)

　　Liu Daowei (Xinhua News Agency)

　　With the rapid development of internet plus, digital reading has become an important way for people to acquire knowledge and information. According to the China Digital Reading Report 2020 released by China Audio-Visual and Digital Publishing Association, the digital reading industry in China will reach 35.16 billion yuan in 2020, with 494 million digital readers, 9.1 e-books and 6.3 audio books per capita.

　　Digital reading has unlimited potential.

　　"Recommend this book to you" "I saw this passage yesterday, which is very interesting and I want to share it with you" … … Similar words can often be seen in the chat records of Tingting, a post-90 s girl, and her friends. She and her friends are loyal users of a reading APP. When they read a good book and find a good sentence, they will turn it into a link and send it to each other.

　　"I will take an hour to read books on the APP every day." Tingting told reporters that there are not a few readers like her. She added a WeChat group, including students studying, office workers older than herself, and even retirees. Whenever someone wants to team up to extract the free reading card of the APP, they will send a small program to the group to apply for a team. "It will be full in a short time."

　　The 2020 Digital Reading Report of China shows that the scale of digital reading industry in China has gradually increased from 2016 to 2020, the scale of users has expanded, and the per capita digital reading volume has gradually increased. According to the China Children’s Digital Reading Report and the 18th National Reading Survey in China, the number of children under 7 years old and middle-aged and elderly people who participated in digital reading increased in 2020, indicating that the audience covers multiple age groups from children to the elderly.

　　"It can be said that digital reading has ushered in the era of the whole people, which is a holistic reconstruction of social reading scenes." Weng Changshou, a researcher at the Center for Journalism and Social Development, School of Journalism, China Renmin University, told reporters that from the supply side, the Internet is booming, and the supply of e-books and online content has become the mainstream, and it is easier to obtain capital, technology and market empowerment, thus promoting the demand for digital content on the demand side. "In addition, because everyone is more accustomed to home activities during the epidemic prevention period, it has also stimulated the potential of digital reading to some extent."

　　Net text drives the development of industrial chain

　　Empresses in the Palace’s nirvana in fire, Joy of Life … … Momo, who works in Beijing, is one of a number of film and television dramas adapted from online texts that have appeared on TV and Internet, attracting a large audience. She told reporters that the plot content of the scriptwriter is guaranteed and highly viewable, and she usually reads the original while watching the drama. In her spare time, she will also read novels on the platform and reward for "urging more". Momo is just one of many paying readers. According to the 2020 China Digital Reading Report, more than 80% of the users who participated in the survey paid for digital reading, and nearly half of them paid for online literature.

　　This trend reflects the new trend of network literature. Some analysts pointed out that in 2003, the "starting point" network officially began to operate the VIP system, and the author earned income by writing books, making online literature a new industry with sustainable development. Nowadays, online literature is not limited to the single mode of author writing and reader reading, but the whole industrial chain where the platform gathers professional writers to produce high-quality content, novels are adapted as IP, audiences and original readers watch dramas and buy peripheral products.

　　Experts believe that the online literature industry has broken the traditional distinction between upstream and downstream, and formed an industrial chain, benefiting authors, platforms, producers and audiences.

　　Explore multi-scene immersive reading

　　The reporter learned that the picture book "The Twelve Zodiacs Hidden in Shanxi Museum" produced by Shanxi Museum presents 12 cultural relics in the collection that echo the twelve zodiac signs. With the help of AR technology, using mobile phone or tablet computer to scan the AR point in the picture book, the still cultural relics and animal images in the book can be "alive", and the historical stories and cultural connotations behind them can be vividly displayed on the screen. The limited picture book reading materials can be displayed through electronic products, and the expression form is more intuitive and the picture book connotation is richer, which attracts many children to experience.

　　Technology empowerment is not only an iterative update of reading methods, but also a more diversified scene of digital reading.

　　A dazzling array of bookshelves lined up in the screen, extending to the distance. Shake the phone and the angle of view will change; Click on the ground sign, and the lens will move forward through the narrow aisle. If you are interested in a book, click on the cover of the book, and you can know the details and place an order for purchase. In the VR Bookstore in Migu Xinyunshang, you can enter the 360-degree panoramic bookstore without leaving home, design the route according to your own wishes, and explore the store and buy books in the cloud.

　　It is understood that many libraries and museums in China have used high-tech means to build a "cloud" visiting platform. The unimaginable reading scene in the past has now become a reality. Weng Changshou pointed out that 5G, AR, VR… … These professional words may sound far away, but they are embodied in communication technology and will bring readers a brand-new experience and real convenience. "The changes and impacts of new technologies are all-round, visible and tangible, and technological innovation will provide more imaginative space for future digital reading."

The State Council State-owned Enterprise Reform Leading Group Office promotes the improvement of corporate governance mechanism and improves the quality and efficiency of operation.

On March 30th, the State Council State-owned Enterprise Reform Leading Group Office held a special promotion meeting on improving corporate governance mechanism and improving operation quality and efficiency by video. Weng Jieming, deputy director of the Office of the Leading Group for the Reform of State-owned Enterprises in the State Council, and member and deputy director of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, attended and spoke at the meeting. Peng Huagang, member and secretary general of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission, presided over the meeting.
The meeting pointed out that in recent years, central enterprises, local SASAC and local state-owned enterprises have resolutely implemented the spirit of the important instructions of the Supreme Leader General Secretary and improved the corporate governance mechanism and achieved a series of important milestones.
The meeting stressed that in view of the shortcomings and weaknesses in corporate governance, it is necessary to optimize and improve the "pre-list", improve the quality of the construction and operation of the board of directors, actively promote the authorization of the board of directors to managers, strengthen overall communication, improve the meeting mechanism, effectively give play to the roles of party organizations, the board of directors, managers and other governance subjects, and improve the corporate governance mechanism with statutory powers and responsibilities, transparent powers and responsibilities, coordinated operation and effective checks and balances. Group companies should reasonably authorize and decentralize their subsidiaries, leaving enough room for the decision-making of corporate governance and operation of subsidiaries. It is necessary to strengthen the overall leadership of the party and give full play to the role of group companies in guiding and urging, establishing rules and regulations, coordinating services, and authorizing and decentralizing. It is necessary to strengthen policy study and publicity, pay close attention to system implementation, give full play to the leading role of typical demonstration, and promote the modern enterprise system with China characteristics to be more mature and stereotyped.
Five companies, including China Southern Power Grid, china huadian, China Building Materials, Hunan State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission and Jiangxi Copper, exchanged ideas at the meeting. Responsible comrades of the Fifth Bureau of the Central Organization Department, responsible comrades of relevant departments and bureaus of SASAC and directly affiliated units, responsible comrades of central enterprises and local SASAC attended the meeting.

State-owned enterprises improve corporate governance mechanism

What important milestones have been achieved?

How to promote the improvement of corporate governance mechanism in the next step

Take it to a new level?

Xiaoxin gives you a detailed analysis.

↓↓↓
State-owned enterprises have made important achievements in improving corporate governance mechanism.

The party’s leadership has been comprehensively strengthened.

The legal status of party organizations in state-owned enterprises in the corporate governance structure has been clarified and implemented, and the leading role of party committees (party groups) in "guiding the direction, managing the overall situation and promoting implementation" has been effectively brought into play.

The "pre-list" was comprehensively formulated and effective.


All central enterprise group companies, local first-class enterprises, the vast majority of central enterprises and important local subsidiaries.They have formulated a "list of major business management issues for pre-research", and the boundaries of powers and responsibilities between the party organization and the board of directors are clearer and the decision-making procedures are more standardized.

The board of directors has taken substantial steps to achieve all the necessary construction and implement the functions and powers of the board of directors.

  • 12,900 householdsSub-enterprises of central enterprises,26,300Local state-owned enterprises and their subsidiaries have set up boards of directors.
  • 1421 householdsAmong the important subsidiaries of central enterprises,95.2%And formulate a specific implementation plan for implementing that authority of the board of directors.
The majority system of external directors is widely implemented.
  • The proportion of external directors in the subsidiaries of central enterprises and local state-owned enterprises reached respectively.99.5%、96.7%.
  • The State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission of the State Council set up a full-time party committee of external directors of central enterprises, fully implemented the system of convener of external directors, and established a talent pool of external directors.
The mechanism for managers to exercise their rights and perform their duties has been continuously improved.

  • 96.9%The central enterprise group company,98.5%The local level enterprises have established the management system that the board of directors authorizes the managers.

  • The proportion of managers of subsidiaries at all levels of state-owned enterprises who realize tenure system and contractual management exceeds96%.

The internal system based on the company’s articles of association is basically established.
State-owned enterprises comprehensively standardize the formulation and revision of the articles of association, and the internal system of enterprises is improving day by day.
Grasp the key points to fill shortcomings and promote the improvement of corporate governance mechanism to a new level.

one
Optimize and improve the "pre-list" and give full play to the leading role of the party Committee (party group) in "controlling the direction, managing the overall situation and promoting implementation".

The scope of the "pre-list" should be clearly defined.
  • It is necessary to make good use of the relevant list templates, clearly define the scope of "research decision" and "research discussion", especially define the standards of "major" major business management matters, and connect them with the scope and standards of "three majors and one big" matters.
  • This pre-position must not be omitted, and the specific business problems that do not need to be pre-positioned, especially those that should be implemented by managers, should implement the responsibility of the relevant governance subject, and cannot be "pre-positioned" in violation of policy requirements.
The judgment standard of pre-research discussion should focus on "four noes".

  • The "four noes" arewhether or notIn line with the Party’s theory, line, principles and policies,whether or notImplement the decision-making and deployment of the CPC Central Committee and the national development strategy,whether or notIt is conducive to promoting the high-quality development of enterprises, enhancing the competitive strength of enterprises, and realizing the preservation and appreciation of state-owned assets.whether or notIt is conducive to safeguarding the public interests and the legitimate rights and interests of workers and staff.

  • The pre-research and discussion of the party organizations in state-owned enterprises to form opinions is not the same as pre-decision.

  • The responsibilities and decision-making of each governance subject do not substitute for each other, and we must resolutely prevent the excuse of establishing a modern enterprise system to deny and weaken the leadership of the party, and also prevent the party organization from directly becoming the decision-making and command center of enterprise production and operation.

"Pre-list" should fully reflect hierarchical classification.
  • It is necessary to closely combine the characteristics of different industries, different levels and different shareholding structures, and differentiate the contents of the list.

  • It is necessary to encourage exploration and innovation to make the list simple, practical and useful.

two

Improve the quality of the construction and operation of the board of directors, and effectively guarantee the board of directors to "make strategies, make decisions and prevent risks".

It is necessary to improve the performance ability of external directors as soon as possible.


  • It is necessary to speed up the building of a team of external directors with excellent political skills, high quality and reasonable structure.

  • To establish a regular training mechanism.

  • It is necessary to strengthen the performance evaluation and incentive constraints, and smooth the two-way communication channel between full-time external directors and current leaders.

  • Listed companies should learn from the good practices of strict selection and management of external directors of central enterprises and do a good job in the selection and management of independent directors.

It is necessary to clarify two situations in which external directors express their opinions.

  • Under normal circumstances, directors should be based on the overall interests of all shareholders and the company, comprehensively consider various factors, and participate in decision-making according to personal best business judgment;

  • For decision-making matters that need to be studied and put forward by shareholders, external directors shall listen to shareholders’ opinions in advance and vote at the board meeting.

It is necessary to systematically strengthen the support services for external directors to perform their duties.
Strengthen the policy propaganda, work guidance and decision-making information support for sending external directors, create necessary conditions for external directors to perform their duties in accordance with regulations, provide accurate and complete proposal materials in time, and effectively ensure external directors to perform their duties effectively.
It is necessary to implement the functions and powers of the board of directors of subsidiary enterprises in batches and in an orderly manner.

  • It is necessary to learn from the experience of advanced enterprises and localities and guide subsidiaries at all levels to explore and implement the decision-making power of the board of directors for medium and long-term development.Six functions and powersGive priority to the board of directors’ major investment decision-making power, performance appraisal of managers and salary distribution power, so that the board of directors can really play a key role in major investment decision-making and risk prevention, which should be effective for the board of directors to operate.Basic and iconic requirements.

  • Adhere to the combination of the principle of party management of cadres and the market mechanism, and explore specific ways to promote the board of directors to select managers according to procedures.

  • State-owned enterprise corporate governance demonstration enterprises, listed companies, "double hundred enterprises" and "science and technology reform demonstration enterprises" should take the lead in implementing the rights of the board of directors according to law and play a leading and exemplary role.

We should pay close attention to matching and strengthening the external directors of local first-class enterprises.

  • At present, the proportion of external directors in local-level enterprises is79.5%, still relatively lagging behind. The offices of leading groups for the reform of state-owned enterprises in all localities should, in conjunction with relevant departments, take effective measures to ensure that the tasks are basically completed in the first half of this year.

  • It is necessary to enrich and make good use of the talent pool of external directors, further broaden the sources of external directors, and strengthen the sharing of talents of external directors between central enterprises and between central and local governments.

three
Actively promote the authorization of the board of directors to the management level, and support the management level to go all out to "seek business, grasp implementation and strengthen management".

It is necessary to speed up the improvement and practical implementation of the authorization system from the board of directors to the managers.

  • At present, there are sub-enterprises of central enterprises and sub-enterprises of local enterprises.58.2%、52.8%The system of authorization from the board of directors to the management has been formulated, and those that have not been formulated should be formulated in combination with the actual situation.

  • Those that have been formulated but the authorization is not in place should be further implemented.

It is necessary to embody the equality of responsibilities, rights and interests of managers in the contract.

  • It is necessary to constantly improve the specific working mechanism for managers to implement, improve the contract texts related to tenure system and contractualization, and encourage managers to take the initiative to take on greater responsibilities by means of "revealing the list and taking the lead" and "selecting horses in the stadium", so as to give managers more autonomy accordingly.

  • The board of directors should fully listen to the general manager’s opinions and suggestions on matters such as the decomposition, assessment and distribution results of the deputy performance targets of managers, and ensure the transmission of responsibilities and pressures at different levels.

It is necessary to implement the general manager reporting system.

  • Managers should conscientiously implement the pre-research spirit of the party organization and the resolutions of the board of directors. The general manager shall regularly report the exercise of the authority granted by the board of directors to form a closed-loop work.

  • It is necessary to carry out special inspection or evaluation in a timely manner, strengthen supervision over the exercise of power by managers, and adjust or withdraw authorization in a timely manner according to the exercise; Those who exceed their authority or exercise improper power should be corrected in time and dealt with in accordance with relevant regulations.
four
Strengthen overall communication, improve the meeting mechanism, and promote the coordinated operation and effective checks and balances of all governance subjects.
It is necessary to co-ordinate the list of rights and responsibilities of each governance subject.

  • Party organizations, boards of directors and managers should clearly define the boundaries and contents of their respective rights and responsibilities; At the same time, different types of lists should also be effectively connected with each other.

  • Many enterprises integrate multiple related lists into one table to realize "multiple single tables", and the experience is worth popularizing.

It is necessary to strengthen work communication.

  • Active, timely and full communication should be regarded as a "lubricant" in corporate governance among all governance subjects, especially among party secretary, chairman and general manager.

  • Generally speaking, the meeting should be suspended for matters with different communication opinions, especially those with major differences.

It is necessary to improve the meeting mechanism.

At the meetings of different governance bodies, it is encouraged to explore differentiated arrangements in terms of reporters, reporting contents and auditing standards.

  • Party organization meetingGenerally, members of the party organization team report, focus on the overall situation and avoid being caught in general details according to the "four noes" standard;

  • board meetingGenerally, it is reported by members of the management level, which highlights that the management level is responsible to the board of directors;

  • General manager office meetingGenerally, it is reported by the person in charge of the functional department, which is convenient for urging the functional departments to implement it.

Indeed, due to the special needs of the work, the secretary of the Party organization and the chairman of the board may attend the general manager’s office meeting as nonvoting delegates, but it should be ensured that the managers are independently responsible in the implementation process and have enough independent space to perform their duties and exercise their rights.
five
Group companies should reasonably authorize and decentralize their subsidiaries, leaving enough room for the decision-making of corporate governance and operation of subsidiaries.
We should take the initiative to change to governance management and control.
In principle, the group company will no longer directly interfere with the operation and management of the subsidiary, but should rely on the corporate governance of the subsidiary, express the will of shareholders by sending directors, support the board of directors of the subsidiary to perform their duties according to laws and regulations, and safeguard the independent management rights of the subsidiary.
It is necessary to authorize decentralization due to enterprise policy.

  • The decision-making power of subsidiaries should belong to subsidiaries, and differentiated and precise authorization and decentralization should be implemented for subsidiaries in different industries, different levels, different ownership structures and different stages of development.

  • It is necessary to promote the listing of authorization and decentralization, and regularly optimize the list and update the version according to the actual situation.

What needs special emphasis is:

  • For some matters directly related to subsidiaries’ seizing market opportunities, even if the group company really needs approval or filing, it should "handle special matters", clarify the time limit, improve efficiency, and resolutely prevent subsidiaries from delaying the fighter plane due to too long approval or filing time.

  • It is necessary to truly hand over the specific business decision-making power to the board of directors and managers of the first-line enterprises closest to the market.

  • It is necessary to combine the special rectification of the headquarters’ institutionalization, strictly control the examination and approval items of the group, and strengthen who approves and who is responsible.

  • For businesses involving strong scale effect, high overall security requirements, market integration and networking, we should pay attention to the relationship between overall interests and local vitality and make reasonable authorization.

  • The authorization of listed companies shall comply with the relevant policies and rules of listed companies.

It is necessary to dynamically evaluate and adjust the scope of authorization.
It is necessary to ensure the combination of authorization and supervision, the unity of liberalization and management, and regularly evaluate the effect of authorization and exercise. The authorization should be increased in time, and the authorization should be "blown" or cancelled in time for major deviations or serious problems.
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During the month, more than 20 car officials announced the price reduction, and the ＂price war＂ in the auto market intensified.

Since March, the price war in the automobile industry has continued to spread.
On March 14th, Dongfeng eπ007, a medium-sized and large B-class car, announced a price reduction of 30,000 yuan as soon as it was listed, and the entry price dropped to 129,600 yuan. In fact, this is just a microcosm of the price war in the automobile market since March 1.
"China Business News" reporter noted that the current price war in the automobile market is still fierce, and the "follow-up" price reduction similar to Dongfeng eπ appears frequently. Take LI as an example. On March 12th, LI announced that the prices of L7 Air and L8 Air, which were listed in February this year, would be lowered by 18,000 yuan.
New energy vehicles, which have become "price butchers", have brought a lot of pressure to fuel vehicles invisibly, and fuel vehicles have followed the pace and started to cut prices. Geely announced the launch of the Spring Car Festival in 2024 a few days ago, and its fuel vehicles such as Xingyue L, Xingrui and Emgrand all reduced their prices, ranging from 3,000 yuan to 14,000 yuan.
With the gradual decline of new energy prices, the fuel vehicle market with relatively slow upgrading and low product intelligence is under serious pressure. In this regard, many people in the industry said in an interview that in 2024, the "scissors difference" between the sales of fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles will be further expanded. Under the background of the gradual increase in the penetration rate of new energy vehicles and the decline in the cost of new energy vehicles, "the same price of oil and electricity" began to appear, and the market share of fuel vehicles may be further reduced.
More than 20 models announced price cuts
In this regard, Cui Dongshu, Secretary-General of the Association, issued an analysis, saying that as of March 15th, the price reduction scale of the automobile market in 2024 was half that of the whole year in 2023, and the price reduction models were mainly pure electric vehicles, plug-in hybrid vehicles and other new energy vehicles, while the price reduction of fuel vehicles was less.
The reporter noted that since March 7, Yantu has launched a replacement subsidy policy of 1 billion yuan, covering all its models of Lantu FREE, New Lantu Dreamer and Lantu Chasing Light, and can enjoy a cash discount of up to 50,000 yuan when buying a car.
Similarly, Chery Automobile also announced that its four major brands Chery, Xingtu, Jietu and iCAR have launched subsidy activities. Tiggo 9, Tiggo 7 Series, Arrizo 8 Series, Exploration 06, Fengyun A8 and other models can trade in up to 30,000 yuan.
It is worth noting that some fuel models of Chery Automobile have also joined the ranks of price reduction. The limited-time comprehensive discounts of Tiggo 5x, Tiggo 3x, Arrizo 5 Series and Oumengda range from 6,000 yuan to 19,000 yuan. At the same time, the Touran brand of SAIC Volkswagen also started a limited-time discount on March 1, and the price of the 2024 Touran four-wheel drive luxury and Touran X four-wheel drive luxury designated models was reduced to 279,900 yuan and 265,000 yuan. In addition, the 2.0T model of Touran family enjoys 2,000 yuan in cash or 3 years of worry-free maintenance.
According to Zhou Wenyu, deputy director of Huiyu Bohua Industrial and Commercial Enterprise Department, some mainstream car companies set aggressive annual sales targets at the beginning of the year. Under the expectation of low sales growth in the industry, "exchanging price for quantity" and seizing the market as soon as possible will still be one of the strategic choices of car companies. "The fast-growing car companies intend to pursue victory and expand market share, while the slow-selling manufacturers are unwilling to lag behind and intend to catch up. At the same time, the downward cost of upstream general raw materials and power battery materials, as well as the economies of scale brought about by the expansion of sales of independent brands, have also provided some car companies with greater room for profit. "
The fuel vehicle market may be further under pressure.
According to the data of the Ministry of Public Security, in 2023, there were 24.56 million newly registered cars nationwide, an increase of 1.33 million compared with 2022, with a year-on-year increase of 5.73%. Among them, the number of new energy vehicles reached 7.43 million, accounting for 30.25% of the number of newly registered vehicles, up 38.76% year-on-year. In 2023, the number of new energy vehicles in China has reached 20.41 million, accounting for 6.07% of the total number of vehicles. Among them, the number of pure electric vehicles is 15.52 million, accounting for 76.04% of the new energy vehicles.
Although the proportion of the total is still low, the growth rate of new energy vehicles is still relatively fast. According to the data of China Automobile Industry Association, the domestic production and sales of new energy vehicles continued to maintain a high growth rate in January and February 2024, among which the sales volume of new energy vehicles reached 1.207 million, up 29.4% year-on-year, and the market share reached 30%.
With this year’s "Government Work Report" proposing to encourage and promote the trade-in of consumer goods and boost the mass consumption of intelligent networked new energy vehicles and electronic products, in the eyes of many insiders, the sales of new energy vehicles will further increase, and the sales of fuel vehicles will be further under pressure.
"With the improvement of new energy penetration rate, as well as in the context of policy support and consumer awareness, the market share of new energy vehicles will continue to grow. Fuel vehicle manufacturers may face increasing challenges and need to maintain competitiveness through technological innovation and cost control. " Jiang Han, a senior researcher at Pangu think tank, told reporters that the development trend of fuel vehicles and new energy vehicles may be divided this year. "Overall, new energy vehicles will continue to maintain a strong growth momentum, while the market share of fuel vehicles will gradually shrink.".
Zhou Wenyu also told reporters that the performance of the automobile market in January 2024 was affected by factors such as season and sales overdraft in December last year. In the long run, as the penetration rate of new energy vehicles continues to rise, the cost goes down, and the level of intelligence continues to improve, the market share of fuel vehicles will be squeezed at an accelerated pace, and the main engine manufacturers with fuel vehicles as their mainstream products will also face the risk of accelerating transformation or being eliminated by the market.
"It is expected that in 2024, various regions will still introduce consumption promotion policies such as trade-in and new energy vehicle consumption subsidies." Zhou Wenyu said that Shanghai, Chongqing and other regions took the lead in opening a new round of automobile consumption subsidies. With the sustained economic recovery and increased consumer confidence, the excess savings accumulated by residents will gradually be converted into related consumption and investment, which is conducive to the growth of automobile sales. "
According to previous analysis, with the rapid increase in the penetration rate of new energy vehicles, the market size of traditional fuel vehicles has gradually shrunk, and the contradiction between huge traditional production capacity and shrinking fuel vehicle market has brought more intense price wars. The scale determines the cost and the survival state of the enterprise, and most manufacturers give priority to keeping their share, which will inevitably lead to further intensification of price competition.
The price war will continue
According to the analysis of the Federation, 2024 is a crucial year for new energy vehicle companies to gain a foothold. The downward exploration of new energy costs and the "same price of oil and electricity" have brought tremendous pressure to fuel vehicle manufacturers. "The upgrading of fuel vehicle products is relatively slow, and the degree of product intelligence is not too high, and it relies more on preferential prices to continuously attract customers."
"With the decline in the price of lithium carbonate, the cost of batteries has decreased, and the cost of building new energy vehicles has decreased; And with the rapid development of the new energy market, the scale effect will be formed, and the products will have more profit space. " The Federation further stated.
Cui Dongshu said that the new characteristics of new energy consumption have brought about obvious brand fission of automobile enterprises. With the gradual maturity of the market segments of various technical lines of new energy vehicles, new models have greatly enriched consumption choices, and the homogenization brought about by the increase of product supply will also intensify competition. This year’s price war is likely to be carried out in a mixed mode of price reduction promotion and positioning exploration, and new energy manufacturers will package more rights and interests to stabilize product prices.
At present, major car companies are accelerating competition on intelligent tracks. According to the White Paper on the Internet of Vehicles in China released by China ICT Institute, by 2025, the smart car market in China will be close to one trillion yuan, reaching 960 billion yuan, accounting for 56.5% of the global market. From 2020 to 2025, the smart car market in China will grow at a compound annual growth rate of 36.9%.
In the face of the trillion-dollar blue ocean, there have been a lot of R&D and investment by car companies in the field of intelligent driving. Take extreme krypton cars as an example. Recently, extreme krypton cars said that in 2024, the personnel size of the extreme krypton intelligent driving department will be expanded to more than 2,000 people, and the extreme krypton intelligent cockpit will also accelerate the iteration. "In 2024, Krypton will continue to invest and lay out the big model, and will develop the self-research ability of seamless combination of traditional voice and big model, with better understanding ability and application based on big model."
Compared with new energy vehicles, due to hardware constraints, fuel vehicles are making slow progress on intelligent tracks. How can fuel vehicles as a traditional industry boost consumption? It may be a good solution to start with optimizing management.
Cui Dongshu recently issued a document suggesting that cities with less than 4 million vehicles should gradually liberalize the purchase restriction of fuel vehicles. "At present, the car ownership in some cities with restricted purchases has lagged far behind other cities without restricted purchases. In the future, there is still huge room for growth in domestic automobile consumption. Among them, the growth potential of small and medium-sized cities and county and township markets is huge, and megacities also have room for improvement in automobile consumption. "
Cui Dongshu further stated that fuel vehicles have to pay trillions of yuan in fuel tax every year, which is not only restricted but also restricted. "In the case that the sales volume of new energy vehicles has reached 35%, we should consider the same car and the same power, stabilize the normal consumption of fuel vehicle users, and achieve comprehensive and sustainable growth of automobile consumption."
In fact, despite several rounds of price wars, the current competition pattern in the automobile market is still unclear. Zhou Wenyu told reporters that under the background of high base, new energy car companies are gradually facing the dual pressures of overcapacity and slowing demand growth. Enterprises in the industry will still experience brutal competition, and tail car companies are at risk of going out.
"At the same time, the continuous expansion of the’ Huawei’ series of cooperative brands highlights the changing pattern of the automobile industry chain." Zhou Wenyu said that the current cross-border automobile industry of science and technology enterprises indicates that the automobile industry chain is moving from a closed network to an open one. Traditional automobile host manufacturers and suppliers are facing challenges from new players, and the competition pattern is far from clear.
Source: China Business Network
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What about food poisoning？ Teach you common ways to detoxify

　　Some food poisoning happens accidentally in daily life, and how to detoxify those who are mild? Today, the following methods are provided for your reference, so choose according to the situation.

　　First aid methods for food poisoning:

　　When eating contaminated, spoiled or expired food by mistake, or drinking too much, and food poisoning symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain and dizziness appear, don’t panic, calmly analyze the causes of the disease, and take emergency measures in time according to the food that causes poisoning and the length of eating:

　　1. Drink plenty of water

　　Drink plenty of clean water immediately to dilute the toxin.

　　2. vomit

　　If you have not eaten for more than 2 hours, you can use the method of inducing vomiting. Stimulate the throat with your fingers (dig your throat) and spit out the food in your stomach as much as possible. You can also take it with ginger juice mixed with warm water.

　　3. Diarrhea

　　If you have been eating for more than 2-3 hours, but you are still in good spirits, you can take laxatives to urge the contaminated food to be excreted as soon as possible. Generally, 30 grams of rhubarb is decocted once, and 10 grams of senna leaves can be used for the elderly to drink tea with boiling water.

　　4. Vinegar

　　If food poisoning is caused by eating spoiled fish, shrimp, crabs, etc., 100 ml of vinegar and 200 ml of water can be taken at a time after dilution.

　　In addition, 30 grams of perilla and 10 grams of raw licorice can be decocted at one time.

　　Common poisoning emergency methods:

　　1. Cassava poisoning: 1,200g of fresh cabbage and 1,200g of raw radish, washed with cold boiled water, chopped and mashed juice, added with appropriate amount of brown sugar, and served in fractions.

　　2, bitter almond poisoning, raw mung beans can be mashed, add a large bowl of water, filter and take juice after boiling, add 50 grams of sugar, and drink it after warming.

　　3, ginkgo (ginkgo) poisoning, 50 grams of sesame oil can be taken, and chicken feathers are used to sweep the throat to induce vomiting and detoxification.

　　4, eating cereal poisoning, 100 grams of raw licorice and 100 grams of mung beans can be taken, boiled with clear water, filtered and drunk, once a day, until the poisoning is cured.

　　5, fish, shrimp, poultry poisoning: ginger juice, a small amount of vinegar, together with a cup of warm water, slowly drink.

　　If the symptoms are serious, they should be sent to the hospital for treatment in time. Remember to seal the food you have eaten, so as to avoid more victims and help to find out the specific poisons. Be careful not to take antidiarrheal drugs easily, so as not to delay the illness. Let the toxins out of your body before consulting your doctor.

　　If you want to vomit, spit it out, and go to the hospital for medical treatment when you have symptoms of dehydration. Keep vomit or stool in a plastic bag and take it to the hospital for examination, which is helpful for diagnosis.

　　Methods to prevent food poisoning:

　　Step 1: Select

　　Pay attention to the selection and identification of food, do not buy and eat toxic food, such as puffer fish, poisonous mushrooms, sprouted potatoes, etc.

　　Don’t eat raw aquatic products such as Scapharca subcrenata, Scapharca subcrenata, Scapharca subcrenata, etc.

　　Don’t buy food from unlicensed vendors. Do not buy canned foods and other packaged foods without trademarks or factory date, production unit and shelf life.

　　Do not pick and prey on unfamiliar and unknown animals and plants (wild mushrooms, wild fruits, wild vegetables, etc.) at will.

　　2. Cooking

　　Cooked food should be thoroughly heated, cooked food should be eaten immediately, the temperature of stored cooked food should be lower than 7℃, and the stored cooked food should be thoroughly heated before eating.

　　Meat food should be cooked to prevent external cooking and internal production.

　　3, pay attention to raw and cooked

　　Avoid contact between raw food and cooked food, and do not use knives and chopping boards to cut cooked food. Raw and cooked food should be stored separately.

　　Fruits and vegetables should be washed and disinfected when eaten raw.

　　4, refused to poisoning way

　　Do not eat spoiled food, spoiled food often contains a variety of viruses, which is the most prone to food poisoning.

　　Store food according to the requirements of low temperature refrigeration and control the reproduction of microorganisms.

　　Avoid insects, rats and other animals from touching food.

　　5. Personal hygiene

　　Wash your hands before and after meals, and the prevention of food poisoning should start with good personal hygiene.

　　To prevent food poisoning, you should pay more attention to it in your daily diet.

Zhengzhou FAW-Volkswagen CC price reduction news! The discount is 62,000, and the car is sufficient.

[car home Zhengzhou Preferential Promotion Channel] Recently, the preferential efforts in Zhengzhou area have been continuously increased, with the highest preferential amount reaching 62,000 yuan, making the minimum starting price as low as 184,900 yuan. This preferential activity is in progress, interested consumers may wish to pay attention to it and click "Check the car price" in the quotation form to strive for higher discounts.

郑州一汽-大众CC降价消息！优惠6.2万，现车充足

The design of FAW-Volkswagen CC is elegant and dynamic, the front face adopts family-style design language, the air intake grille is decorated with chrome, and with sharp LED headlights, the overall style presents a luxurious and sporty atmosphere. The body lines are smooth, with low body posture and large wheels, creating a strong sense of movement. On the whole, the design of FAW-Volkswagen CC not only conforms to the aesthetics of young people, but also takes into account the dual needs of luxury and sports.

郑州一汽-大众CC降价消息！优惠6.2万，现车充足

FAW-Volkswagen CC, with its length, width and height of 4,865 * 1,870 * 1,459 mm and wheelbase of 2841mm, shows smooth body lines. With 18-inch rims, it adopts 245/45 R18 tyre size, which highlights its sporty and elegant style.

郑州一汽-大众CC降价消息！优惠6.2万，现车充足

The interior style of FAW-Volkswagen CC is fashionable and exquisite. The center console uses a 9.2-inch central control screen to provide drivers with rich multimedia entertainment functions and navigation information. Support speech recognition control system, and can easily operate multimedia system, navigation, telephone and air conditioning functions. The steering wheel is made of leather, with manual up-and-down and forward-and-backward adjustment functions, which improves the driver’s comfort. The seat is made of leather /Alcantara mixed material, which provides good touch and support. The main and auxiliary seats have the functions of front and rear adjustment, backrest adjustment, height adjustment and lumbar support, and the front seats are also equipped with heating function, which brings a comfortable riding experience to drivers. In addition, the car is equipped with multiple USB and Type-C interfaces to facilitate passengers to charge electronic devices. The rear seats can be laid down in proportion, which increases the storage space in the car.

郑州一汽-大众CC降价消息！优惠6.2万，现车充足

FAW-Volkswagen CC is equipped with a 2.0T engine with a maximum power of 137kW and a maximum torque of 320N·m, which has a strong power output. This L4 engine with 7-speed wet dual-clutch gearbox provides excellent driving experience and fuel economy for the vehicle.

Car home car owners said that the main reason why they chose Volkswagen CC instead of Magotan or Passat was their face value. He is also the most satisfied with Yan value. No matter whether you look up or down, look left or right, Volkswagen CC is different, unique and sporty, which is in line with his aesthetics. For the coupe model, he didn’t choose A7 and A5 because Volkswagen CC is more cost-effective.

The People’s Bank of China simultaneously implemented the RRR cut and interest rate cut on the 27th.

CCTV News (news broadcast): On September 27th, the People’s Bank of China decided to reduce the deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions by 0.5 percentage points from September 27th to provide long-term liquidity to the financial market of about 1 trillion yuan. After this reduction, the weighted average deposit reserve ratio of financial institutions is about 6.6%.

At the same time, the People’s Bank of China also announced that the policy interest rate will be lowered, and the 7-day reverse repurchase operating rate in the open market will be lowered by 0.2 percentage points, from the previous 1.70% to 1.50%. The policy interest rate reduction is the largest in the past four years, which will reduce the comprehensive financing cost of the real economy through transmission and support stable economic growth.

The People’s Bank of China said that the simultaneous implementation of the RRR cut and interest rate cut today is an important measure to implement the spirit of the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Conference and intensify the countercyclical adjustment of monetary policy, further consolidate the consensus on high-quality development, provide sufficient impetus for the healthy and upward development of the market, and effectively promote the sustained economic recovery.

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